TW洞见 | NoSQL数据库概览

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过去的五年，数据存储和管理领域一直出于混乱状态。大量的NoSQL数据库技术，让CIO们关于保护、合并和管理数据方面有了更大更多的选择。这些技术正在挑战关系型数据库在过去三十年的统治地位。这意味着关系型数据库统治时代的结束吗？

本文的作者，也是《数据库重构》一书的作者。

Over the last few years we have seen the rise of a new type of databases, known as NoSQL databases, that are challenging the dominance of relational databases. Relational databases have dominated the software industry for a long time providing mechanisms to store data persistently, concurrency control, transactions, mostly standard interfaces and mechanisms to integrate application data, reporting. The dominance of relational databases, however, is cracking.

NoSQL what does it mean

What does NoSQL mean and how do you categorize these databases? NoSQL means Not Only SQL, implying that when designing a software solution or product, there are more than one storage mechanism that could be used based on the needs. NoSQL was a hashtag (#nosql) choosen for a meetup to discuss these new databases. The most important result of the rise of NoSQL is Polyglot Persistence. NoSQL does not have a prescriptive definition but we can make a set of common observations, such as:

• Not using the relational model
• Running well on clusters
• Mostly open-source
• Built for the 21st century web estates
• Schema-less

Why NoSQL Databases

Application developers have been frustrated with the impedance mismatch between the relational data structures and the in-memory data structures of the application. Using NoSQL databases allows developers to develop without having to convert in-memory structures to relational structures.