客户端向 Spring Cloud Gateway 发出请求,如果请求与网关程序定义的路由匹配,则将其发送到网关 Web 处理程序,此处理程序运行特定的请求过滤器链。
过滤器之间用虚线分开的原因是过滤器可能会在发送代理请求之前或之后执行逻辑。所有 "pre" 过滤器逻辑先执行,然后执行代理请求,代理请求完成后,执行 "post" 过滤器逻辑。
1、新建 Maven 工程,添加相关依赖 pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.anoyi</groupId>
<artifactId>core-gateway</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>core-gateway</name>
<description>gateway for miroservice</description>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-gateway</artifactId>
<version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2、添加启动类 Application.java
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
}
3、启动 Application(和 Spring Boot 项目一样)
访问 http://localhost:8080/
报错 404,同时日志输出:
2018-06-27 09:18:48.981 WARN 44156 --- [ctor-http-nio-2] .a.w.r.e.DefaultErrorWebExceptionHandler :
Failed to handle request [GET http://localhost:8080/]: Response status 404
假设本地启动了另外两个 Spring Boot 服务,分别是 服务A( http://localhost:8081 )、服务B( http://localhost:8082 ),下面通过 Spring Cloud Gateway 来路由到这两个服务。
1、在 resources
路径下添加配置文件 application.yml
spring:
cloud:
gateway:
routes:
- id: host_route
uri: http://localhost:8081
predicates:
- Path=/a/**
filters:
- StripPrefix=1
- id: host_route
uri: http://localhost:8082
predicates:
- Path=/b/**
filters:
- StripPrefix=1
2、重启 Gateway 服务
3、测试
访问 http://localhost:8080/a/
路由到 服务A http://localhost:8081/
访问 http://localhost:8080/b/
路由到 服务B http://localhost:8082/
其他地址,例如 http://localhost:8080/a/user/all
路由到 服务A http://localhost:8081/user/all
实现如上服务路由,还可以通过编码的方式实现。
1、删除配置文件 application.yml
2、修改 Application.java
, 添加自定义路由配置
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.factory.StripPrefixGatewayFilterFactory;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.RouteLocator;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.builder.RouteLocatorBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
@Bean
public RouteLocator customRouteLocator(RouteLocatorBuilder builder) {
StripPrefixGatewayFilterFactory.Config config = new StripPrefixGatewayFilterFactory.Config();
config.setParts(1);
return builder.routes()
.route("host_route", r -> r.path("/a/**").filters(f -> f.stripPrefix(1)).uri("http://localhost:8081"))
.route("host_route", r -> r.path("/b/**").filters(f -> f.stripPrefix(1)).uri("http://localhost:8082"))
.build();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
}
http://cloud.spring.io/spring-cloud-gateway/single/spring-cloud-gateway.html
官方提供了大量的路由规则,比如Time、Host、Header 等等,同时也提供了大量的过滤器,比如AddRequestHeader、AddRequestParameter、AddResponseHeader 等等。仅通过简单的配置即可实现功能强大的网关服务。