<repositories>
<repository>
<id>cloudera</id>
<url>https://repository.cloudera.com/artifactory/cloudera-repos/</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>jdk.tools</groupId>
<artifactId>jdk.tools</artifactId>
<version>1.8</version>
<scope>system</scope>
<systemPath>${JAVA_HOME}/lib/tools.jar</systemPath>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
<artifactId>hadoop-common</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
<artifactId>hadoop-hdfs</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
<artifactId>hadoop-hdfs-client</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
<artifactId>hadoop-client</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
在 Java 中操作 HDFS, 主要涉及以下 Class:
FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf)
get
方法从 conf
中的一个参数 fs.defaultFS
的配置值判断具体是什么类型的文件系统fs.defaultFS
, 并且工程 ClassPath下也没有给定相应的配置, conf
中的默认值就来自于 Hadoop 的Jar 包中的 core-default.xml
file:///
, 则获取的不是一个 DistributedFileSystem的实例, 而是一个本地文件系统的客户端对象 @Test
public void getFileSystem() throws URISyntaxException, IOException {
Configuration configuration = new Configuration();
FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.get(new URI("hdfs://192.168.52.250:8020"), configuration);
System.out.println(fileSystem.toString());
}
@Test
public void getFileSystem2() throws URISyntaxException, IOException {
Configuration configuration = new Configuration();
configuration.set("fs.defaultFS","hdfs://192.168.52.250:8020");
FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.get(new URI("/"), configuration);
System.out.println(fileSystem.toString());
}
@Test
public void getFileSystem3() throws URISyntaxException, IOException {
Configuration configuration = new Configuration();
FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.newInstance(new URI("hdfs://192.168.52.250:8020"), configuration);
System.out.println(fileSystem.toString());
}
@Test
public void getFileSystem4() throws Exception{
Configuration configuration = new Configuration();
configuration.set("fs.defaultFS","hdfs://192.168.52.250:8020");
FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.newInstance(configuration);
System.out.println(fileSystem.toString());
}
@Test
public void listFile() throws Exception{
FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.get(new URI("hdfs://192.168.52.100:8020"), new Configuration());
FileStatus[] fileStatuses = fileSystem.listStatus(new Path("/"));
for (FileStatus fileStatus : fileStatuses) {
if(fileStatus.isDirectory()){
Path path = fileStatus.getPath();
listAllFiles(fileSystem,path);
}else{
System.out.println("文件路径为"+fileStatus.getPath().toString());
}
}
}
public void listAllFiles(FileSystem fileSystem,Path path) throws Exception{
FileStatus[] fileStatuses = fileSystem.listStatus(path);
for (FileStatus fileStatus : fileStatuses) {
if(fileStatus.isDirectory()){
listAllFiles(fileSystem,fileStatus.getPath());
}else{
Path path1 = fileStatus.getPath();
System.out.println("文件路径为"+path1);
}
}
}
@Test
public void listMyFiles()throws Exception{
//获取fileSystem类
FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.get(new URI("hdfs://192.168.52.250:8020"), new Configuration());
//获取RemoteIterator 得到所有的文件或者文件夹,第一个参数指定遍历的路径,第二个参数表示是否要递归遍历
RemoteIterator<LocatedFileStatus> locatedFileStatusRemoteIterator = fileSystem.listFiles(new Path("/"), true);
while (locatedFileStatusRemoteIterator.hasNext()){
LocatedFileStatus next = locatedFileStatusRemoteIterator.next();
System.out.println(next.getPath().toString());
}
fileSystem.close();
}
@Test
public void getFileToLocal()throws Exception{
FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.get(new URI("hdfs://192.168.52.250:8020"), new Configuration());
FSDataInputStream open = fileSystem.open(new Path("/test/input/install.log"));
FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(new File("c:\\install.log"));
IOUtils.copy(open,fileOutputStream );
IOUtils.closeQuietly(open);
IOUtils.closeQuietly(fileOutputStream);
fileSystem.close();
}
@Test
public void mkdirs() throws Exception{
FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.get(new URI("hdfs://192.168.52.250:8020"), new Configuration());
boolean mkdirs = fileSystem.mkdirs(new Path("/hello/mydir/test"));
fileSystem.close();
}
@Test
public void putData() throws Exception{
FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.get(new URI("hdfs://192.168.52.250:8020"), new Configuration());
fileSystem.copyFromLocalFile(new Path("file:///c:\\install.log"),new Path("/hello/mydir/test"));
fileSystem.close();
}
cd /export/servers/hadoop-3.1.1
sbin/stop-dfs.sh
cd /export/servers/hadoop-3.1.1/etc/hadoop
vim hdfs-site.xml
<property>
<name>dfs.permissions.enabled</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
scp hdfs-site.xml node02:$PWD
scp hdfs-site.xml node03:$PWD
cd /export/servers/hadoop-3.1.1
sbin/start-dfs.sh
cd /export/servers/hadoop-3.1.1/etc/hadoop
hdfs dfs -mkdir /config
hdfs dfs -put *.xml /config
hdfs dfs -chmod 600 /config/core-site.xml
@Test
public void getConfig()throws Exception{
FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.get(new URI("hdfs://192.168.52.250:8020"), new Configuration(),"hadoop");
fileSystem.copyToLocalFile(new Path("/config/core-site.xml"),new Path("file:///c:/core-site.xml"));
fileSystem.close();
}
由于 Hadoop 擅长存储大文件,因为大文件的元数据信息比较少,如果 Hadoop集群当中有大量的小文件,那么每个小文件都需要维护一份元数据信息,会大大的增加集群管理元数据的内存压力,所以在实际工作当中,如果有必要一定要将小文件合并成大文件进行一起处理
在我们的 HDFS 的 Shell 命令模式下,可以通过命令行将很多的 hdfs文件合并成一个大文件下载到本地
cd /export/servers
hdfs dfs -getmerge /config/*.xml ./hello.xml
既然可以在下载的时候将这些小文件合并成一个大文件一起下载,那么肯定就可以在上传的时候将小文件合并到一个大文件里面去
@Test
public void mergeFile() throws Exception{
//获取分布式文件系统
FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.get(new URI("hdfs://192.168.52.250:8020"), new Configuration(),"hadoop");
FSDataOutputStream outputStream = fileSystem.create(new Path("/bigfile.xml"));
//获取本地文件系统
LocalFileSystem local = FileSystem.getLocal(new Configuration());
//通过本地文件系统获取文件列表,为一个集合
FileStatus[] fileStatuses = local.listStatus(new Path("file:///F:\\传智播客大数据离线阶段课程资料\\3、大数据离线第三天\\上传小文件合并"));
for (FileStatus fileStatus : fileStatuses) {
FSDataInputStream inputStream = local.open(fileStatus.getPath());
IOUtils.copy(inputStream,outputStream);
IOUtils.closeQuietly(inputStream);
}
IOUtils.closeQuietly(outputStream);
local.close();
fileSystem.close();
}