和尚刚学习了 Isolate 的部分基本用法,今天继续尝试 compute 及其使用方式;
和尚之前了解到 ReceivePort 和 SendPort 是成对出现的,是 Isolate 之间唯一的消息通讯的方式;
abstract class ReceivePort implements Stream {
external factory ReceivePort();
external factory ReceivePort.fromRawReceivePort(RawReceivePort rawPort);
StreamSubscription listen(void onData(var message),
{Function onError, void onDone(), bool cancelOnError});
void close();
SendPort get sendPort;
}
简单分析源码可得,ReceivePort 中通过 get 获取一个 SendPort 对象,通过 SendPort 发送消息到 ReceivePort 中,之后再通过 listen 进行监听;
abstract class SendPort implements Capability {
void send(var message);
bool operator ==(var other);
int get hashCode;
}
SendPort 内容很简单,主要是通过 send 方法向 ReceivePort 传递消息;
和尚尝试了 Isolate 的基本用法,需要使用 ReceivePort 和 SendPort 来进行消息通讯;而 Flutter 提供了更简单的 Compute Function;
Future<R> compute<Q, R>(isolates.ComputeCallback<Q, R> callback, Q message, { String debugLabel }) async {
...
final Isolate isolate = await Isolate.spawn<_IsolateConfiguration<Q, FutureOr<R>>>(_spawn,
_IsolateConfiguration<Q, FutureOr<R>>(
callback, message,
resultPort.sendPort,
debugLabel, flow.id,
),
errorsAreFatal: true,
onExit: resultPort.sendPort,
onError: errorPort.sendPort,
);
final Completer<R> result = Completer<R>();
errorPort.listen((dynamic errorData) {
...
});
resultPort.listen((dynamic resultData) {
...
});
await result.future;
Timeline.startSync('$debugLabel: end', flow: Flow.end(flow.id));
resultPort.close();
errorPort.close();
isolate.kill();
Timeline.finishSync();
return result.future;
}
简单了解源码,Compute 实际是对 Isolate 的封装,Compute 是通过 Isolate.spawn() 方式来处理 Isolate 其中 compute() 方法中在通讯结束后自动进行 Isolate.kill() 销毁;且 compute() 直接返回内容,无需考虑 listen 监听等;
compute() 包含两个必填参数,第一个是定义新的 Isolate 的核心执行方法,第二个是函数对应的参数,可以是多个任意类型;因为 compute 实际是通过 Isolate.spawn() 来处理的,则对应的耗时方法也需要是在顶级 main 函数中或 static 方法;
_loadIsolateDate04() async {
print('main Isolate, current Isolate = ${Isolate.current.hashCode}');
print(await compute(getName, ''));
}
static String getName(String name) {
print('new Isolate, current Isolate = ${Isolate.current.hashCode}');
sleep(Duration(seconds: 2));
return '阿策小和尚';
}
对于 compute() 的异常处理,可以通过 try-catch 进行捕获;
_loadIsolateDate05(bool isError) async {
print('main Isolate, current Isolate = ${Isolate.current.hashCode}');
try {
print(await compute(_backgroundWork3, isError));
} catch (e) {
print(e);
}
}
static _backgroundWork3(bool isError) async {
print('new Isolate, current Isolate = ${Isolate.current.hashCode}');
if (!isError) {
return await Future.delayed(Duration(seconds: 2), () {
return 'BackgroundWork delayed 2s -> currentTime -> ${DateTime.now().millisecondsSinceEpoch}';
});
} else {
return await Future.error(ArgumentError.notNull('Input'));
}
}