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社区首页 >专栏 >【DB宝30】使用Docker测试Oracle 11g高可用DG功能

【DB宝30】使用Docker测试Oracle 11g高可用DG功能

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AiDBA宝典
发布于 2021-05-06 14:57:40
发布于 2021-05-06 14:57:40
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文章被收录于专栏：小麦苗的DB宝专栏小麦苗的DB宝专栏
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一、下载镜像

Oracle 11g DG搭建方法参考：【DB宝29】使用Docker搭建Oracle 11g的DG环境

小麦苗DG环境的hub地址： https://hub.docker.com/r/lhrbest/dg_pri_11.2.0.4/tags https://hub.docker.com/r/lhrbest/dg_phy_11.2.0.4/tags

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nohup docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/dg_phy_11.2.0.4:1.0 &
nohup docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/dg_pri_11.2.0.4:1.0 &

查看镜像：

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[root@docker36 ~]# docker images | grep dg
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/dg_phy_11.2.0.4                1.0                 f2ea019fe540        15 hours ago        10.7GB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/dg_pri_11.2.0.4                1.0                 b7fae2029b40        15 hours ago        10.8GB

给镜像打tag：

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[root@docker36 ~]# docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/dg_phy_11.2.0.4:1.0 lhrbest/dg_phy_11.2.0.4:1.0
[root@docker36 ~]# docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/dg_pri_11.2.0.4:1.0 lhrbest/dg_pri_11.2.0.4:1.0

[root@docker36 ~]# docker images | grep dg
lhrbest/dg_phy_11.2.0.4                                                  1.0                 f2ea019fe540        15 hours ago        10.7GB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/dg_phy_11.2.0.4                1.0                 f2ea019fe540        15 hours ago        10.7GB
lhrbest/dg_pri_11.2.0.4                                                  1.0                 b7fae2029b40        15 hours ago        10.8GB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/dg_pri_11.2.0.4                1.0                 b7fae2029b40        15 hours ago        10.8GB

二、初始化环境

DG环境情况见下表：

项目

主库

物理备库

db 类型

单实例

单实例

db version

11.2.0.4.0

11.2.0.4.0

db 存储

FS

FS

OS版本

RHEL7.6 64位

CentOS7.6 64位

OS hostname

LHR11G

LHR11GDG

IP地址

192.168.68.68

192.168.68.69

ORACLE_SID

LHR11G

LHR11GDG

db_name/GLOBAL_DBNAME

LHR11G

LHR11G

db_unique_name

LHR11G

LHR11GDG

TNS_NAME

LHR11G

LHR11GDG

监听端口

1521

1521

映射的主机端口

1528

1529

ORACLE_HOME

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1

dbid

2007947551

2007947551

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-- 创建DG的网络
docker network create --subnet=192.168.68.0/16 mhalhr
docker network inspect mhalhr

-- 分别初始化主库和备库
docker run -itd --name LHR11G -h LHR11G \
  -p 1528:1521 -p 1128:1158 -p 228:22 -p 3398:3389 \
  --network mhalhr --ip 192.168.68.68 \
  --privileged=true \
  lhrbest/dg_pri_11.2.0.4:1.0 init


docker run -itd --name LHR11GDG -h LHR11GDG \
  -p 1529:1521 -p 1129:1158 -p 229:22 -p 3399:3389 \
  --network mhalhr --ip 192.168.68.69 \
  --privileged=true \
  lhrbest/dg_phy_11.2.0.4:1.0 init


 -- 添加网卡
docker network connect bridge LHR11G
docker network connect bridge LHR11GDG


-- 进入容器
docker exec -it LHR11G bash
docker exec -it LHR11GDG bash

-- 分别启动主库、备库和监听
su - oracle
lsnrctl start
sas
startup

启动主库过程：

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[root@docker36 ~]# docker exec -it LHR11G bash
[root@lhr11g /]# su - oracle
[oracle@lhr11g ~]$ sas

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Wed Oct 28 08:43:43 2020

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SYS@LHR11G> startup 
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  325685248 bytes
Fixed Size                  2252944 bytes
Variable Size             188747632 bytes
Database Buffers          130023424 bytes
Redo Buffers                4661248 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SYS@LHR11G> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@lhr11g ~]$ lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-OCT-2020 08:48:58

Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/lhr11g/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=LHR11G)(PORT=1521)))

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date                28-OCT-2020 08:48:59
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/lhr11g/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=LHR11G)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "LHR11G" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "LHR11G", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "LHR11G_dgmgrl" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "LHR11G", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[oracle@lhr11g ~]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-OCT-2020 08:49:46

Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date                28-OCT-2020 08:48:59
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 47 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/lhr11g/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=LHR11G)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "LHR11G" has 2 instance(s).
  Instance "LHR11G", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
  Instance "LHR11G", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "LHR11GXDB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "LHR11G", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "LHR11G_DGB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "LHR11G", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "LHR11G_dgmgrl" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "LHR11G", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "dg_taf_lhr" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "LHR11G", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

启动备库过程：

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[root@docker36 ~]# docker exec -it LHR11GDG bash
[root@lhr11gdg /]# su - oracle
[oracle@lhr11gdg ~]$ sas

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Wed Oct 28 08:43:51 2020

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SYS@LHR11GDG> startup 
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  346562560 bytes
Fixed Size                  2253144 bytes
Variable Size             209718952 bytes
Database Buffers          130023424 bytes
Redo Buffers                4567040 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SYS@LHR11GDG> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@lhr11gdg ~]$ lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-OCT-2020 08:49:05

Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/lhr11gdg/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=LHR11GDG)(PORT=1521)))

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date                28-OCT-2020 08:49:05
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/lhr11gdg/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=LHR11GDG)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "LHR11GDG" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "LHR11GDG", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "LHR11GDG_dgmgrl" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "LHR11GDG", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[oracle@lhr11gdg ~]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-OCT-2020 08:50:31

Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date                28-OCT-2020 08:49:05
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 1 min. 26 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/lhr11gdg/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=LHR11GDG)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "LHR11GDG" has 2 instance(s).
  Instance "LHR11GDG", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
  Instance "LHR11GDG", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "LHR11GDG_DGB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "LHR11GDG", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "LHR11GDG_dgmgrl" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "LHR11GDG", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "LHR11GXDB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "LHR11GDG", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

三、测试DG的高可用功能

下面会分别测试DG环境的以下几个功能：

1、验证同步 2、switchover 3、failover 4、fsfo 5、故障切换

3.1 主备同步

主库查询DG情况：

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SYS@LHR11G> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SYS@LHR11G> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SYS@LHR11G> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SYS@LHR11G> @dg_info

   THREAD#    DEST_ID DEST_NAME            TARGET                                       DATABASE_MODE                  STATUS             ERROR      RECOVERY_MODE                                  DB_UNIQUE_NAME  DESTINATION     GAP_STATUS CURRENT_SEQ# LAST_ARCHIVED APPLIED_SEQ#      APPLIED_SCN
---------- ---------- -------------------- -------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------ ---------- ---------------------------------------------- --------------- --------------- ---------- ------------ ------------- ------------ ----------------
         1          1 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1   LOCAL PRIMARY                                OPEN                           VALID                         IDLE                                           LHR11G                                               12            11                             0
         1          2 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2   PHYSICAL STANDBY                             OPEN_READ-ONLY                 VALID                         MANAGED REAL TIME APPLY                        LHR11GDG        lhr11gdg        NO GAP               12            11           10          1363798

SYS@LHR11G> @dg_status

   THREAD# NAME             SEQUENCE# APPLIED            FIRST_TIME
---------- --------------- ---------- ------------------ -------------------
         1 lhr11gdg                 7 YES                2020-10-28 09:45:48
         1 lhr11gdg                 8 YES                2020-10-28 09:45:51
         1 lhr11gdg                 9 YES                2020-10-28 09:46:48
         1 lhr11gdg                10 YES                2020-10-28 09:55:02
         1 lhr11gdg                11 NO                 2020-10-28 09:55:06

SYS@LHR11G> create table lhr.testdg as select * from scott.emp;

Table created.

SYS@LHR11G> select count(*) from lhr.testdg;

  COUNT(*)
----------
        14

备库查询日志应用情况：

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SYS@LHR11GDG> @dg_status

   THREAD# NAME                                                                                                  SEQUENCE# APPLIED            FIRST_TIME
---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ------------------ -------------------
         1 /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/LHR11GDG/archivelog/2020_10_28/o1_mf_1_8_hskmd9nq_.arc                    8 YES                2020-10-28 09:45:51
         1 /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/LHR11GDG/archivelog/2020_10_28/o1_mf_1_9_hskmvpld_.arc                    9 YES                2020-10-28 09:46:48
         1 /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/LHR11GDG/archivelog/2020_10_28/o1_mf_1_10_hskmvtc1_.arc                  10 YES                2020-10-28 09:55:02
         1 /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/LHR11GDG/archivelog/2020_10_28/o1_mf_1_11_hskmvvrb_.arc                  11 IN-MEMORY          2020-10-28 09:55:06
SYS@LHR11GDG> select count(*) from lhr.testdg;

  COUNT(*)
----------
        14

可以看到，主备是实时同步的。

3.2 switchover

接下来使用dgmgrl来验证switchover功能。

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[oracle@lhr11g ~]$ dgmgrl sys/lhr@lhr11g
DGMGRL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

Copyright (c) 2000, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Welcome to DGMGRL, type "help" for information.
Connected.
DGMGRL> show configuration

Configuration - LHR11G

  Protection Mode: MaxPerformance
  Databases:
    LHR11G   - Primary database
    LHR11GDG - Physical standby database

Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED

Configuration Status:
SUCCESS
DGMGRL> switchover to 'LHR11GDG'
Performing switchover NOW, please wait...
Operation requires a connection to instance "LHR11GDG" on database "LHR11GDG"
Connecting to instance "LHR11GDG"...
Connected.
New primary database "LHR11GDG" is opening...
Operation requires startup of instance "LHR11G" on database "LHR11G"
Starting instance "LHR11G"...
ORACLE instance started.
Database mounted.
Database opened.
Switchover succeeded, new primary is "LHR11GDG"
DGMGRL> show configuration

Configuration - LHR11G

  Protection Mode: MaxPerformance
  Databases:
    LHR11GDG - Primary database
    LHR11G   - Physical standby database

Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED

Configuration Status:
SUCCESS

可以看到，主备角色已成功切换，接下来验证同步功能。

主库操作，注意此时主库为LHR11GDG：

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SYS@LHR11GDG> @dg_info

   THREAD#    DEST_ID DEST_NAME            TARGET                                       DATABASE_MODE                  STATUS             ERROR      RECOVERY_MODE                                  DB_UNIQUE_NAME  DESTINATION     GAP_STATUS CURRENT_SEQ# LAST_ARCHIVED APPLIED_SEQ#      APPLIED_SCN
---------- ---------- -------------------- -------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------ ---------- ---------------------------------------------- --------------- --------------- ---------- ------------ ------------- ------------ ----------------
         1          1 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1   LOCAL PRIMARY                                OPEN                           VALID                         IDLE                                           LHR11GDG                                             18            17                             0
         1          2 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2   PHYSICAL STANDBY                             OPEN_READ-ONLY                 VALID                         MANAGED REAL TIME APPLY                        LHR11G          lhr11g          NO GAP               18            17           16          1384751

SYS@LHR11GDG> @dg_status

   THREAD# NAME                                                                                                  SEQUENCE# APPLIED            FIRST_TIME
---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ------------------ -------------------
         1 lhr11g                                                                                                       13 YES                2020-10-28 10:00:22
         1 lhr11g                                                                                                       14 YES                2020-10-28 10:00:27
         1 lhr11g                                                                                                       15 YES                2020-10-28 10:00:29
         1 lhr11g                                                                                                       16 YES                2020-10-28 10:00:32
         1 lhr11g                                                                                                       17 NO                 2020-10-28 10:00:41

SYS@LHR11GDG> insert into lhr.testdg select * from lhr.testdg;

14 rows created.

SYS@LHR11GDG> commit;

Commit complete.

SYS@LHR11GDG>  select count(*) from lhr.testdg;

  COUNT(*)
----------
        28

备库操作，注意此时备库为LHR11G：

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SYS@LHR11G> @dg_status

   THREAD# NAME                                                                                                  SEQUENCE# APPLIED            FIRST_TIME
---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ------------------ -------------------
         1 /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/LHR11G/archivelog/2020_10_28/o1_mf_1_16_hskn6bfj_.arc                    16 YES                2020-10-28 10:00:32
         1 /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/LHR11G/archivelog/2020_10_28/o1_mf_1_17_hskn6vql_.arc                    17 IN-MEMORY          2020-10-28 10:00:41

SYS@LHR11G> select count(*) from lhr.testdg;

  COUNT(*)
----------
        28

可以看到，同步功能正常。

3.3 failover

接下来使用dgmgrl来验证failover功能。

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[oracle@lhr11g ~]$ dgmgrl sys/lhr@lhr11g
DGMGRL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

Copyright (c) 2000, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Welcome to DGMGRL, type "help" for information.
Connected.
DGMGRL> show configuration

Configuration - LHR11G

  Protection Mode: MaxPerformance
  Databases:
    LHR11GDG - Primary database
    LHR11G   - Physical standby database

Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED

Configuration Status:
SUCCESS

DGMGRL> failover to 'LHR11G'
Performing failover NOW, please wait...
Failover succeeded, new primary is "LHR11G"
DGMGRL> show configuration

Configuration - LHR11G

  Protection Mode: MaxPerformance
  Databases:
    LHR11G   - Primary database
    LHR11GDG - Physical standby database (disabled)
      ORA-16661: the standby database needs to be reinstated

Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED

Configuration Status:
SUCCESS

failover成功，主库变为LHR11G。

接下来需要修复LHR11GDG，重启LHR11GDG到MOUNT状态，再执行reinstate即可。

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-- 启动到mount状态
SYS@LHR11GDG> startup force mount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  346562560 bytes
Fixed Size                  2253144 bytes
Variable Size             209718952 bytes
Database Buffers          130023424 bytes
Redo Buffers                4567040 bytes
Database mounted.
SYS@LHR11GDG> 

-- 修复failover后的备库

DGMGRL> show configuration

Configuration - LHR11G

  Protection Mode: MaxPerformance
  Databases:
    LHR11G   - Primary database
    LHR11GDG - Physical standby database (disabled)
      ORA-16661: the standby database needs to be reinstated

Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED

Configuration Status:
SUCCESS

DGMGRL> REINSTATE DATABASE 'LHR11GDG'
Reinstating database "LHR11GDG", please wait...
Operation requires shutdown of instance "LHR11GDG" on database "LHR11GDG"
Shutting down instance "LHR11GDG"...
ORA-01109: database not open

Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
Operation requires startup of instance "LHR11GDG" on database "LHR11GDG"
Starting instance "LHR11GDG"...
ORACLE instance started.
Database mounted.
Continuing to reinstate database "LHR11GDG" ...
Reinstatement of database "LHR11GDG" succeeded
DGMGRL> show configuration

Configuration - LHR11G

  Protection Mode: MaxPerformance
  Databases:
    LHR11G   - Primary database
    LHR11GDG - Physical standby database

Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED

Configuration Status:
SUCCESS

修复成功，主库为LHR11G，备库为LHR11GDG。

3.4 FSFO（Fast-Start Failover）

首先启用Fast-Start Failover：

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DGMGRL> show configuration

Configuration - LHR11G

  Protection Mode: MaxPerformance
  Databases:
    LHR11G   - Primary database
    LHR11GDG - Physical standby database

Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED

Configuration Status:
SUCCESS

DGMGRL> ENABLE FAST_START FAILOVER
Enabled.
DGMGRL> show configuration

Configuration - LHR11G

  Protection Mode: MaxPerformance
  Databases:
    LHR11G   - Primary database
    LHR11GDG - (*) Physical standby database

Fast-Start Failover: ENABLED

Configuration Status:
SUCCESS

-- 启动观察进程
DGMGRL> stop Observer
Done.
[oracle@lhr11g trace]$ nohup dgmgrl -logfile '/tmp/observer_LHR11G.log' sys/lhr@LHR11GDG "start observer"  &
[1] 3753
[oracle@lhr11g trace]$ nohup: ignoring input and appending output to 'nohup.out'

[oracle@lhr11g trace]$ 
[oracle@lhr11g trace]$ 
[oracle@lhr11g trace]$ tailf /tmp/observer_LHR11G.log
Observer stopped
Observer started
[W000 10/28 11:13:52.28] Observer started.



DGMGRL>  SHOW FAST_START FAILOVER;

Fast-Start Failover: ENABLED

  Threshold:          10 seconds
  Target:             LHR11GDG
  Observer:           lhr11gdg
  Lag Limit:          30 seconds
  Shutdown Primary:   TRUE
  Auto-reinstate:     TRUE
  Observer Reconnect: (none)
  Observer Override:  FALSE

Configurable Failover Conditions
  Health Conditions:
    Corrupted Controlfile          YES
    Corrupted Dictionary           YES
    Inaccessible Logfile            NO
    Stuck Archiver                  NO
    Datafile Offline               YES

  Oracle Error Conditions:
    (none)

接下来，我们shutdown abort掉主库LHR11G，等待10秒后，会发现主备自动切换：

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SYS@LHR11G> select sysdate from dual;

SYSDATE
-------------------
2020-10-28 11:16:56


SYS@LHR11G> shutdown abort
ORACLE instance shut down.

从观察者进程的日志查看（/tmp/observer_LHR11G.log）：

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11:17:11.77  Wednesday, October 28, 2020
Initiating Fast-Start Failover to database "LHR11GDG"...
Performing failover NOW, please wait...
Failover succeeded, new primary is "LHR11GDG"
11:17:16.91  Wednesday, October 28, 2020

查询切换后的DG状态：

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[oracle@lhr11g ~]$ dgmgrl sys/lhr@lhr11gdg
DGMGRL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

Copyright (c) 2000, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Welcome to DGMGRL, type "help" for information.
Connected.
DGMGRL> show configuration

Configuration - LHR11G

  Protection Mode: MaxPerformance
  Databases:
    LHR11GDG - Primary database
      Warning: ORA-16829: fast-start failover configuration is lagging

    LHR11G   - (*) Physical standby database (disabled)
      ORA-16661: the standby database needs to be reinstated

Fast-Start Failover: ENABLED

Configuration Status:
WARNING

FSFO后，在重启LHR11G后，dgmgrl会自动修复（/tmp/observer_LHR11G.log）：

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[oracle@lhr11g ~]$ sas

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Wed Oct 28 11:20:09 2020

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SYS@LHR11G> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  325685248 bytes
Fixed Size                  2252944 bytes
Variable Size             188747632 bytes
Database Buffers          130023424 bytes
Redo Buffers                4661248 bytes
Database mounted.
SYS@LHR11G> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@lhr11g ~]$ dgmgrl sys/lhr@lhr11gdg
DGMGRL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

Copyright (c) 2000, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Welcome to DGMGRL, type "help" for information.
Connected.
DGMGRL> show configuration

Configuration - LHR11G

  Protection Mode: MaxPerformance
  Databases:
    LHR11GDG - Primary database
    LHR11G   - (*) Physical standby database

Fast-Start Failover: ENABLED

Configuration Status:
ORA-16610: command "REINSTATE DATABASE LHR11G" in progress
DGM-17017: unable to determine configuration status

-- 等待几分钟后自动恢复
DGMGRL> show configuration

Configuration - LHR11G

  Protection Mode: MaxPerformance
  Databases:
    LHR11GDG - Primary database
    LHR11G   - (*) Physical standby database

Fast-Start Failover: ENABLED

Configuration Status:
SUCCESS

等待几分钟后，DG环境恢复正常，观察者进程的日志输出：

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11:20:35.27  Wednesday, October 28, 2020
Initiating reinstatement for database "LHR11G"...
Reinstating database "LHR11G", please wait...
Operation requires shutdown of instance "LHR11G" on database "LHR11G"
Shutting down instance "LHR11G"...
ORA-01109: database not open

Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
Operation requires startup of instance "LHR11G" on database "LHR11G"
Starting instance "LHR11G"...
ORACLE instance started.
Database mounted.
Continuing to reinstate database "LHR11G" ...
Reinstatement of database "LHR11G" succeeded
11:21:35.85  Wednesday, October 28, 2020

3.5 故障切换

本文最后一个内容，测试一下DG环境中的自动切换功能。

我们在Windows客户端配置tns如下，包含了TAF透明故障转移：

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dg_taf =
    (DESCRIPTION =
        (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = tcp)(HOST = 192.168.68.68)(PORT = 1521))
        (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = tcp)(HOST = 192.168.68.69)(PORT = 1521))
            (LOAD_BALANCE = yes)
                (CONNECT_DATA =
                    (SERVER = DEDICATED)
                    (SERVICE_NAME = dg_taf_lhr)
                (FAILOVER_MODE =
                    (TYPE = session)
                    (METHOD = basic)
                    (RETRIES = 180)
                    (DELAY = 5)
               )
        )
     )

使用客户端连接：

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C:\Users\lhrxxt>sqlplus system/lhr@dg_taf

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Wed Oct 28 11:31:50 2020

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SYSTEM@dg_taf> show parameter name

NAME                                 TYPE                   VALUE
------------------------------------ ---------------------- ------------------------------
cell_offloadgroup_name               string
db_file_name_convert                 string                 LHR11G, LHR11GDG
db_name                              string                 LHR11G
db_unique_name                       string                 LHR11GDG
global_names                         boolean                FALSE
instance_name                        string                 LHR11GDG
lock_name_space                      string
log_file_name_convert                string                 LHR11G, LHR11GDG
processor_group_name                 string
service_names                        string                 dg_taf_lhr
SYSTEM@dg_taf>

可见，当前连接到的是LHR11GDG库。

接下来，我们shutdown abort掉LHR11GDG库，后台DG自动进行主备切换，而客户端连接不用改变就可以执行查询，若是SELECT操作一半，那么对客户来说只是中间卡顿，而不会断开操作，如下：

我们重启LHR11GDG库，等待几分钟后，DG环境恢复正常：

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DGMGRL> show configuration

Configuration - LHR11G

  Protection Mode: MaxPerformance
  Databases:
    LHR11G   - Primary database
    LHR11GDG - (*) Physical standby database

Fast-Start Failover: ENABLED

Configuration Status:
SUCCESS

四、重建DG

如果由于特殊原因导致备库不可用，必须进行重建，那么可以使用如下过程直接进行重建DG。

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startup force nomount

rman target sys/lhr@LHR11G auxiliary sys/lhr@LHR11GDG

duplicate target database 
for standby  nofilenamecheck
from active database 
DORECOVER
;


alter database flashback on;

若想学习DG其他更详细的内容，请咨询麦老师。

本文结束。

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目录
  • 一、下载镜像
  • 二、初始化环境
  • 三、测试DG的高可用功能
    • 3.1 主备同步
    • 3.2 switchover
    • 3.3 failover
    • 3.4 FSFO（Fast-Start Failover）
    • 3.5 故障切换
  • 四、重建DG
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