Ubuntu安装Emacs出现到依赖问题及解决方案

Ubuntu软件中心emacs的版本是23，自己在网上下了最新版24.3，通过编译安装到时候遇到来很多依赖问题，下面将这些问题整理了出来：

1.执行./configure命令出现如下错误：

configure: error: You seem to be running X, but no X development libraries

 were found.  You should install the relevant development files for X

 and for the toolkit you want, such as Gtk+, Lesstif or Motif.  Also make

 sure you have development files for image handling, i.e.

 tiff, gif, jpeg, png and xpm.

 If you are sure you want Emacs compiled without X window support, pass

  --without-x

 to configure.

根据提示是缺少X windows系统的开发库。如果不想在图形界面下使用Emacs，可以使用--without-x选项进行编译(废话),那么只有把GTK+安装上才能通过configure了。

sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev

2.在configure中增加编译选项，./configure --with-x-toolkit=gtk3，这次配置未提示上述错误，但又出现下面错误：

The following required libraries were not found:

    libXpm libjpeg libgif/libungif libtiff

 Maybe some development libraries/packages are missing?

 If you don't want to link with them give

    --with-xpm=no --with-jpeg=no --with-gif=no --with-tiff=no

 as options to configure

提示缺少libXpm libjpeg libgif/libungif libtiff

几个图像开发库也要装上

sudo apt-get install libxpm-dev

sudo apt-get install libjpeg62-dev

sudo apt-get install libgif-dev

sudo apt-get install libtiff4-dev

3.利用apt-get install 将上述缺少的包及其开发包安装后，继续./configure，还有错误：

configure: error: The required function `tputs' was not found in any library.

 These libraries were tried: libncurses, libterminfo, libtermcap, libcurses.

 Please try installing whichever of these libraries is most appropriate

 for your system, together with its header files.

 For example, a libncurses-dev(el) or similar package.

提示缺少必须的函数'tputs'，有可能在libncurses-dev中，那么尝试安装这个包，再configure

4.因为前面编译过，所以运行make clean && make distclean来清理一下

5.再通过./configure，终端有如下提示：

configure: creating ./config.status

 config.status: creating Makefile

 config.status: creating lib/Makefile

 config.status: creating lib-src/Makefile

 config.status: creating oldXMenu/Makefile

 config.status: creating doc/emacs/Makefile

 config.status: creating doc/misc/Makefile

 config.status: creating doc/lispintro/Makefile

 config.status: creating doc/lispref/Makefile

 config.status: creating src/Makefile

 config.status: creating lwlib/Makefile

 config.status: creating lisp/Makefile

 config.status: creating leim/Makefile

 config.status: creating src/config.h

 config.status: executing depfiles commands

 config.status: executing mkdirs commands

 config.status: executing epaths commands

 creating src/epaths.h

 [ -r "/home/wkd/src/emacs-24.2/src/config.in" ] || ( cd /home/wkd/src/emacs-24.2 && autoheader )

 config.status: executing gdbinit commands

6.sudo make，sudo make install 安装成功

整个编译过程，主要是仔细查看configure的输出，看缺乏哪些库，只要把缺乏的库安装上，就能configure成功，这是关键。

为Emacs配置newLISP开发环境 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-01/78463.htm

手把手教你学会 Emacs 主题配置 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-10/72342.htm

Ubuntu下编译安装Emacs23  http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2009-08/21348.htm

手把手教你学会 Emacs 定制 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-10/72341.htm

如何在GNU Emacs环境下编译并运行C/C++程序？ http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-08/68299.htm