Python Django个人网站搭建10-扩展用户信息

from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.db import models
from django.db.models.signals import post_save
from django.dispatch import receiver

class Profile(models.Model):
   # 与User模型构成一对一的关系
   user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='profile')
   phone = models.CharField(max_length=20, blank=True)
   avatar = models.ImageField(upload_to='avatar/%Y%m%d/', blank=True)
   bio = models.TextField(max_length=500, blank=True)

   def __str__(self):
       return 'user{}'.format(self.user.username)


# 信号接受函数,每当新建User实例时自动调用
@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def create_user_profile(sender,instance, created, **kwargs):
   if created:
       Profile.objects.create(user=instance)

# 信号更新函数,每当更新User实例时自动调用
@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def save_user_profile(sender, instance, **kwargs):
   instance.profile.save()

pip install Pillow

C:\mysite>python manage.py makemigrations
System check identified some issues:

WARNINGS:
article.ArticlePost.created: (fields.W161) Fixed default value provided.
        HINT: It seems you set a fixed date / time / datetime value as default for this field. This may not be what you want. If you want to have the current date as default, use `django.utils.timezone.now`
Migrations for 'article':
  article\migrations\0004_auto_20200516_1827.py
    - Alter field created on articlepost
Migrations for 'userprofile':
  userprofile\migrations\0001_initial.py
    - Create model Profile

C:\mysite>

C:\mysite>python manage.py migrate
System check identified some issues:

WARNINGS:
article.ArticlePost.created: (fields.W161) Fixed default value provided.
        HINT: It seems you set a fixed date / time / datetime value as default for this field. This may not be what you want. If you want to have the current date as default, use `django.utils.timezone.now`
Operations to perform:
  Apply all migrations: admin, article, auth, contenttypes, sessions, userprofile
Running migrations:
  Applying article.0004_auto_20200516_1827... OK
  Applying userprofile.0001_initial... OK

C:\mysite>

C:\mysite>python manage.py shell
Python 3.8.2 (tags/v3.8.2:7b3ab59, Feb 25 2020, 23:03:10) [MSC v.1916 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
(InteractiveConsole)
>>>

>>> from django.contrib.auth.models import User
>>> User.objects.all().delete()
(11, {'admin.LogEntry': 6, 'auth.User_groups': 0, 'auth.User_user_permissions': 0, 'article.ArticlePost': 4, 'userprofile.Profile': 0, 'auth.User': 1})
>>>

from .models import Profile
...
class ProfileForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Profile
        fields = ('phone', 'avatar', 'bio')

from .froms import ProfileForm
from .models import Profile
...
# 编辑用户信息
@login_required(login_url='/userprofile/login/')
def profile_edit(request, id):
    user = User.objects.get(id=id)
    # user_id是OneToOneField自动生成的字段
    profile = Profile.objects.get(user_id=id)

    if request.method == 'POST':
        # 验证修改数据者是否为本人
        if request.user != user:
            return HttpResponse("你没有权限修改次用户信息")

        profile_form = ProfileForm(data=request.POST)
        if profile_form.is_valid():
            # 取得清洗后的合法数据
            profile_cleaned_data = profile_form.cleaned_data
            profile.phone = profile_cleaned_data['phone']
            profile.bio = profile_cleaned_data['bio']
            profile.save()
            return redirect("userprofile:edit", id=id)

        else:
            return HttpResponse("注册表单输入有误,请重新输入")

    elif request.method == "GET":
        profile_form = ProfileForm()
        context = {'profile_form': profile_form, 'profile': profile, 'user': user}
        return render(request, 'userprofile/edit.html', context)
    else:
        return HttpResponse("请使用GET或POST请求数据")

{% extends "base.html" %}
{% load static %}
{% block title %}
User
{% endblock title %}
{% block content %}
    <div class="container">
        <div class="row">
            <div class="col-12">
                <br>
                <div class="col-md-4">Username {{ user.username }}</div>
                <br>
                <form method="post" action=".">
                    {% csrf_token %}
                    <div class="form-group col-md-4">
                        <label for="phone">phone</label>
                        <input type="text" class="form-control" id="phone" name="phone" value="{{ profile.phone }}">
                    </div>
                    <div class="form-group col-md-4">
                        <label for="bio">bio</label>
                        <textarea type="text" class="form-control" id="bio" name="bio" rows="12">{{ profile.bio }}</textarea>
                    </div>
                    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">submit</button>
                </form>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
{% endblock content %}

path('edit/<int:id>/', views.profile_edit, name='edit'),

...
               <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdown">
         <a class="dropdown-item" href="{% url "userprofile:edit" user.id %}">User</a>
                 <a class="dropdown-item" href="{% url "userprofile:logout" %}">Exit</a>
         <a class="dropdown-item" href="#" onclick="user_delete()">Delete</a>
               </div>
...

...
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
...
@login_required(login_url='/userprofile/login')
def article_create(request):
    ...
           new_article = article_post_form.save(commit=False)
           new_article.author = User.objects.get(id=request.user.id)
           new_article.save()
            ...

from django.contrib import admin
from userprofile.models import Profile
from django.contrib.auth.admin import UserAdmin as BaseUserAdmin
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
class ProfileInline(admin.StackedInline):
   model = Profile
   can_delete = False
   verbose_name_plural = 'UserProfile'

# 将Profile关联到User中
class UserAdmin(BaseUserAdmin):
   inlines = (ProfileInline, )


# 重新注册User
admin.site.unregister(User)
admin.site.register(User, UserAdmin)