SpringCloud 微服务搭建

发布于 2022-03-17 18:06:51

1.1K0

文章被收录于专栏：OY_学习记录OY_学习记录

博客参考学习视频： https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV18E411x7eT?from=search&seid=4388336378730572330

一、微服务架构编码构建

① 约定 > 配置 > 编码

slave 会从 master 读取 binlog 来进行数据同步
三步骤+原理图

② IDEA 新建 project 工作空间

1.微服务 cloud 整体聚合父工程 Project

父工程步骤：

1） New Project

2）聚合总工程名字和工程名字（idea 2020.2 版本）

3）选择 Maven 版本

4）字符编码

5）注解生效激活

6）Java 编译版本选择 8

File Type 过滤

2.父工程

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.oy</groupId>
    <artifactId>clould</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <modules>
        <module>cloud-provider-payment8001</module>
    </modules>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
        <lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
        <mysql.version>8.0.19</mysql.version>
        <druid.version>1.1.16</druid.version>
        <spring.boot.version>2.2.2.RELEASE</spring.boot.version>
        <spring.cloud.version>Hoxton.SR1</spring.cloud.version>
        <spring.cloud.alibaba.version>2.1.0.RELEASE</spring.cloud.alibaba.version>
        <mybatis.spring.boot.version>1.3.0</mybatis.spring.boot.version>
    </properties>

    <!--子模块继承后,提供作用:锁定版本+子module不用groupId和version-->
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!--springboot 2.2.2-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.boot.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!--Spring cloud Hoxton.SR1-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!--Spring cloud alibaba 2.1.0.RELEASE-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.cloud.alibaba.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>${mysql.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
                <version>${druid.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>${mybatis.spring.boot.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <version>${lombok.version}</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <fork>true</fork>
                    <addResources>true</addResources>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

3.Maven 工程落地细节复习

Maven 中的 dependencyManagement 和 dependencies

maven 中跳过单元测试

4.父工程创建完成执行 mvn:insall 将父工程发布到仓库方便子工程继承

二、Rest 微服务工程构建

① 构建步骤

(1) cloud-provider-payment8001 微服务提供者支付 Module 模块

建 cloud-provider-payment8001

创建完成之后请回到父工程产看 pom 文件的变化

1. **改POM 文件**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>clould</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.oy</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-provider-payment8001</artifactId>

    <dependencies><!--
https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter
-web -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--
        https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter
        -web -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--
        https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter
        -web -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/druid -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java
        -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--
        https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter
        -jdbc -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--
        https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-devtoo
        ls -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <!--
        https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter
        -test -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

写 YML

server:
  port: 8001
spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-payment-service
datasource:
  type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
  driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
  url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db2019?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
  username: root
  password: 6090
mybatis:
  mapperLocations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
  type-aliases-package: com.oy.springcloud.entities # 所有Entity别名类所在包

注意：有可能在编译时会出现以下的异常

The server time zone value ‘�й��׼ʱ��’ is unrecogni

需要在配置文件中的 datasource.url 后面添加上 serverTimezone=UTC

url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db2019?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC

主启动类

@SpringBootApplication
public class PaymentMain8001 {
     public static void main(String[] args) {
           SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8001.class, args);
      }
}

业务类

建表 SQL

CREATE TABLE `payment`
(
    `id`     bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键',
    `serial` varchar(200) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '支付流水号',
    PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  CHARACTER SET = utf8
  COLLATE = utf8_general_ci COMMENT = '支付表'
  ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

emtities

主实体 Payment

package com.oy.springcloud.entities;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * @Author OY
 * @Date 2020/10/7
 */

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Payment implements Serializable {
    private Long id;
    private String serial;
}

Json 封装 CommonResult

package com.oy.springcloud.entities;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

/**
 * @Author OY
 * @Date 2020/10/7
 */
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class CommonResult<T> {
    private Integer code;
    private String message;
    private T data;

    public CommonResult(Integer code, String message){
        this.code = code;
        this.message = message;
    }
}

Dao

@Mapper
public interface PaymentDao {
    public int create(Payment payment);

    public Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id);
}

mybatis 的映射文件为 PaymentMapper.xml, 路径为 src\main\resources\mapper\ParmentMapper.xml

PaymentMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">


<mapper namespace="com.oy.springcloud.dao.PaymentDao">
    <!--public int create(Payment payment);-->
    <insert id="create" parameterType="Payment" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id">
        insert into payment(serial) values(#{serial})
    </insert>

    <!--public Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id);-->
    <resultMap id="BaseResult" type="com.oy.springcloud.entitles.Payment">
        <id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="BIGINT"/>
        <id column="serial" property="serial" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
    </resultMap>

    <select id="getPaymentById" parameterType="Long" resultMap="BaseResult">
        select * from payment where id=#{id}
    </select>
</mapper>

Service

接口类 PaymentService

package com.oy.springcloud.service;

import com.oy.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

public interface PaymentService {

    public int create(Payment payment); // 写

    public Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id); // 读取
}

实体类

package com.oy.springcloud.service.impl;

import com.oy.springcloud.dao.PaymentDao;
import com.oy.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import com.oy.springcloud.service.PaymentService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;


import javax.annotation.Resource;

@Service
public class PaymentServiceImpl implements PaymentService {

    @Resource // @Autowired
    private PaymentDao paymentDao;


    @Override
    public int create(Payment payment){
        return paymentDao.create(payment);
    }

    @Override
    public Payment getPaymentById(Long id){
        return paymentDao.getPaymentById(id);
    }
}

controller

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentController {

    @Resource
    private PaymentService paymentService;

    @PostMapping(value = "/payment/create")
    public CommonResult create(Payment payment) {
        int result = paymentService.create(payment);
        log.info("*****插入结果： " + result);

        // 成功
        if (result > 0) {
            return new CommonResult(200, "插入数据库成功", result);
        } else {
            return new CommonResult(444, "插入数据库失败", null);
        }
    }

    @GetMapping(value = "/payment/get/{id}")
    public CommonResult getPaymentById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        Payment payment = paymentService.getPaymentById(id);

        log.info("*****查询结果： " + payment);

        // 成功
        if (payment != null) {
            return new CommonResult(200, "查询成功", payment);
        } else {
            return new CommonResult(444, "没 有 对 应 记 录 ， 查 询 ID ："+id, null);
        }
    }
}

测试 http://localhost:8001/payment/get/1

postman 模拟 post

通过修改 idea 的 workpace.xml 的方式来快速打开 Run DashBoard 窗口开启 Run DashBoard(个别版本需要)

<option name="configurationTypes">
      <set>
        <option value="SpringBootApplicationConfigurationType" />
      </set>
</option>

注意：部分同学可能由于 idea 版本不同，需要关闭重启

(2) 热部署 Devtools

Adding devtools to your project

<!--https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-devtools -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
    <optional>true</optional>
</dependency>

Adding plugin to your pom.xml

// 下面这一段粘贴在父POM.xml中
<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <fork>true</fork>
                <addResources>true</addResources>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

3.Enabling automatic build

4.Update the value of

(3) cloud-consumer-order80 微服务消费者订单 Module 模块

建 cloud-consumer-order80

改 POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>clould</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.oy</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-consumer-order80</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!--
        https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter
        -web -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--
        https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter
        -web -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--
        https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-devtoo
        ls -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
        <dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <!--
        https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter
        -test -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

写 YML

server:
  port: 80

主启动

package com.oy.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderMain80 {
     public static void main(String[] args) {
           SpringApplication.run(OrderMain80.class, args);
      }
}

业务类

创建 entities(将 cloud-provider-payment8001 工程下的 entities 包下的两个实体复制过来）

RestTemplate:

官网及使用

官网地址：https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/5.2.2.RELEASE/javadoc-api/org/springframework/web/client/RestTemplate.html

使用：使用 restTemplate 访问 restful 接口非常的简单的粗暴无脑。（url, reuestMap, ResponseBean.class）这三个参数分别代表 REST 请求地址、请求参数、HTTP 响应转换成的对象类型。

config 配置类

package com.oy.springcloud.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

测试

先启动 cloud-provider-payment8001
再启动 cloud-consumer-order80

http://localhost/consumer/payment/get/1

不要忘记@RequestBody 注解，不然在测试 http://localhost/consumer/payment/create?serial="商店 003”

(4) 工程重构

观察问题：系统中有重复的部分

重构

新建 cloud-api-commons

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>clould</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.oy</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!--https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-devtools -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <!--https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/cn.hutool/hutool-all -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

在 cloud-api-commons 项目下创建 entities 的 Payment 和 CommonResult 封装类

使用 maven 命名 clean 和 install 命令，把它存储到仓库里，方便其他的项目的复用。

对订单 80 和支付 8001 分别改造，删除各自原有的 entities 文件夹, 各自黏贴 POM 内容 80、8001

<dependency>
    <groupId>这里根据自己设置来定</groupId>// com.oy 这是我自己的，不清楚查看一下自己的仓库
    <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
    <version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>