Android NDK开发完全剖析

arm-linux-androideabi-4.9
aarch64-linux-android-4.9
x86-4.9
x86_64-4.9

1.体积小，低功耗，低成本，高性能，目前ARM也是嵌入式设备中使用最广泛的芯片架构
2.大量使用到了寄存器，指令执行速度更快，它的大多数数据操作都在寄存器中执行
3.寻址方式灵活简单，执行效率高
4.指令长度固定
5.流水线的处理方式

交叉编译使用的是交叉编译工具
交叉编译链接的库或者头文件必须明确指定

#include <stdio.h>

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
  printf("Hello, jeffmony\n");
  return 0;
}

jeffli@admindeMacBook-Pro 02-files % gcc hello.c -o hello
jeffli@admindeMacBook-Pro 02-files % ./hello 
Hello, jeffmony

$ANDROID_NDK/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/darwin-x86_64/bin/arm-linux-androideabi-gcc \
--sysroot=$ANDROID_NDK/platforms/android-24/arch-arm hello.c -o hello-androi

$ANDROID_NDK/build/tools/make_standalone_toolchain.py \
    --arch arm --api 21 --install-dir /tmp/my-android-toolchain

# Sets the minimum version of CMake required to build the native
# library.
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.4.1)

# Creates the project's shared lib: libnative-lib.so.
# The lib is loaded by this project's Java code in MainActivity.java:
#     System.loadLibrary("native-lib");
# The lib name in both places must match.
add_library( native-lib
             SHARED
             src/main/cpp/native-lib.cpp )

find_library(log-lib
             log )

# Specifies libraries CMake should link to your target library. You
# can link multiple libraries, such as libraries you define in the
# build script, prebuilt third-party libraries, or system libraries.

target_link_libraries( # Specifies the target library.
                       native-lib

                       # Links the target library to the log library
                       # included in the NDK.
                       ${log-lib} )

// Sets up parameters for both jni build and cmake.
// For a complete list of parameters, see
// developer.android.com/ndk/guides/cmake.html#variables
externalNativeBuild {
   cmake {
       // cppFlags are configured according to your selection
       // of "Customize C++ Support", in this codelab's
       //    "Create a Sample App with the C++ Template",
       //    step 6
       cppFlags "-std=c++17"
   }
......

// Specifies the location of the top level CMakeLists.txt
// The path is relative to the hosting directory
// of this build.gradle file
externalNativeBuild {
   cmake {
       path "src/main/cpp/CMakeLists.txt"
       version "3.10.2"

   }
}

#define JNI_FALSE   0
#define JNI_TRUE    1

#define JNI_VERSION_1_1 0x00010001
#define JNI_VERSION_1_2 0x00010002
#define JNI_VERSION_1_4 0x00010004
#define JNI_VERSION_1_6 0x00010006

#define JNI_OK          (0)         /* no error */
#define JNI_ERR         (-1)        /* generic error */
#define JNI_EDETACHED   (-2)        /* thread detached from the VM */
#define JNI_EVERSION    (-3)        /* JNI version error */
#define JNI_ENOMEM      (-4)        /* Out of memory */
#define JNI_EEXIST      (-5)        /* VM already created */
#define JNI_EINVAL      (-6)        /* Invalid argument */

#define JNI_COMMIT      1           /* copy content, do not free buffer */
#define JNI_ABORT       2           /* free buffer w/o copying back */

class _jobject {};
class _jclass : public _jobject {};
class _jstring : public _jobject {};
class _jarray : public _jobject {};
class _jobjectArray : public _jarray {};
class _jbooleanArray : public _jarray {};
class _jbyteArray : public _jarray {};
class _jcharArray : public _jarray {};
class _jshortArray : public _jarray {};
class _jintArray : public _jarray {};
class _jlongArray : public _jarray {};
class _jfloatArray : public _jarray {};
class _jdoubleArray : public _jarray {};
class _jthrowable : public _jobject {};

typedef _jobject*       jobject;
typedef _jclass*        jclass;
typedef _jstring*       jstring;
typedef _jarray*        jarray;
typedef _jobjectArray*  jobjectArray;
typedef _jbooleanArray* jbooleanArray;
typedef _jbyteArray*    jbyteArray;
typedef _jcharArray*    jcharArray;
typedef _jshortArray*   jshortArray;
typedef _jintArray*     jintArray;
typedef _jlongArray*    jlongArray;
typedef _jfloatArray*   jfloatArray;
typedef _jdoubleArray*  jdoubleArray;
typedef _jthrowable*    jthrowable;
typedef _jobject*       jweak;

使用 FindClass 获取类的类对象引用
使用 GetFieldID 获取字段的字段ID
使用适当函数获取字段的内容，例如GetIntFieldID

auto array_list_class = env->FindClass("java/util/ArrayList");
auto array_list_init_id = env->GetMethodID(array_list_class, "<init>", "()V");
auto array_list_obj = env->NewObject(array_list_class, array_list_init_id);
auto array_list_add_method_id = env->GetMethodID(array_list_class, "add", "(Ljava/lang/Object;)Z");

struct _JavaVM {
    const struct JNIInvokeInterface* functions;

#if defined(__cplusplus)
    jint DestroyJavaVM()
{ return functions->DestroyJavaVM(this); }
    jint AttachCurrentThread(JNIEnv** p_env, void* thr_args)
{ return functions->AttachCurrentThread(this, p_env, thr_args); }
    jint DetachCurrentThread()
{ return functions->DetachCurrentThread(this); }
    jint GetEnv(void** env, jint version)
{ return functions->GetEnv(this, env, version); }
    jint AttachCurrentThreadAsDaemon(JNIEnv** p_env, void* thr_args)
{ return functions->AttachCurrentThreadAsDaemon(this, p_env, thr_args); }
#endif /*__cplusplus*/
};

struct _JNIEnv {
    /* do not rename this; it does not seem to be entirely opaque */
    const struct JNINativeInterface* functions;

#if defined(__cplusplus)
    jclass GetObjectClass(jobject obj)
{ return functions->GetObjectClass(this, obj); }

    jobject NewGlobalRef(jobject obj)
{ return functions->NewGlobalRef(this, obj); }

    void DeleteGlobalRef(jobject globalRef)
{ functions->DeleteGlobalRef(this, globalRef); }

    void DeleteLocalRef(jobject localRef)
{ functions->DeleteLocalRef(this, localRef); }

    jboolean IsSameObject(jobject ref1, jobject ref2)
{ return functions->IsSameObject(this, ref1, ref2); }



//此处省略N多行
#endif /*__cplusplus*/
};

通过RegisterNatives显示注册原生方法
运行时使用dlsym动态查找

JNIEXPORT jint JNI_OnLoad(JavaVM* vm, void* reserved);
JNIEXPORT void JNI_OnUnload(JavaVM* vm, void* reserved);

JNIEXPORT jint JNI_OnLoad(JavaVM* vm, void* reserved) {
        JNIEnv* env;
        if (vm->GetEnv(reinterpret_cast<void**>(&env), JNI_VERSION_1_6) != JNI_OK) {
            return JNI_ERR;
        }

        // Find your class. JNI_OnLoad is called from the correct class loader context for this to work.
        jclass c = env->FindClass("com/example/app/package/MyClass");
        if (c == nullptr) return JNI_ERR;

        // Register your class' native methods.
        static const JNINativeMethod methods[] = {
            {"nativeFoo", "()V", reinterpret_cast<void*>(nativeFoo)},
            {"nativeBar", "(Ljava/lang/String;I)Z", reinterpret_cast<void*>(nativeBar)},
        };
        int rc = env->RegisterNatives(c, methods, sizeof(methods)/sizeof(JNINativeMethod));
        if (rc != JNI_OK) return rc;

        return JNI_VERSION_1_6;
}    

package com.jeffmony.media; 


class Test { 


  private native int func1(double d);

  private static native int func2(double d); 

}

JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_com_jeffmony_media_Test_func1(JNIEnv* env, jobject object, jdouble d);

JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_com_jeffmony_media_Test_func2(JNIEnv* env, jclass object, jdouble d);

class Test { 


  private native int func1(double d);

  private static native int func2(double d); 

  private static native int func2(int n);

}

JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_com_jeffmony_media_Test_func2D(JNIEnv* env, jclass object, jdouble d);

JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL Java_com_jeffmony_media_Test_func2I(JNIEnv* env, jclass object, jint n);

jclass localClass = env->FindClass("MyClass");
jclass globalClass = reinterpret_cast<jclass>(env->NewGlobalRef(localClass));

/**

中间可以使用这个全局应用
**/
env->DeleteGlobalRef(localClass);

if((javaVM->AttachCurrentThread(&env,NULL))!=JNI_OK)
{
    LOGI("%s AttachCurrentThread error failed ",__FUNCTION__);
    return NULL;
}

if((javaVM->DetachCurrentThread())!=JNI_OK)
{
    LOGI("%s DetachCurrentThread error failed ",__FUNCTION__);
}

#00 pc 0000000000089908 /apex/com.android.runtime/lib64/bionic/libc.so (abort+168)
#01 pc 0000000000552abc /apex/com.android.art/lib64/libart.so (_ZN3art7Runtime5AbortEPKc+2260)
#02 pc 0000000000013990 /system/lib64/libbase.so (_ZZN7android4base10SetAborterEONSt3__18functionIFvPKcEEEEN3$_38__invokeES4_+76)
#03 pc 0000000000012fb4 /system/lib64/libbase.so (_ZN7android4base10LogMessageD1Ev+320)
#04 pc 00000000002f8044 /apex/com.android.art/lib64/libart.so (_ZN3art22IndirectReferenceTable17AbortIfNoCheckJNIERKNSt3__112basic_stringIcNS1_11char_traitsIcEENS1_9allocatorIcEEEE+224)
#05 pc 0000000000389d70 /apex/com.android.art/lib64/libart.so (_ZNK3art22IndirectReferenceTable10GetCheckedEPv+444)
#06 pc 0000000000385324 /apex/com.android.art/lib64/libart.so (_ZN3art9JavaVMExt12DecodeGlobalEPv+24)
#07 pc 00000000005a6f68 /apex/com.android.art/lib64/libart.so (_ZNK3art6Thread13DecodeJObjectEP8_jobject+144)
#08 pc 000000000039ac7c /apex/com.android.art/lib64/libart.so (_ZN3art3JNIILb0EE14GetObjectClassEP7_JNIEnvP8_jobject+612)
#09 pc 00000000000d7a74 /data/app/~~yvshfyvSUZ46EK1lhAhiTQ==/com.jeffmony.media-aLxfQNnnePl3Xieaq6E1uQ==/lib/arm64/libav_media.so
#10 pc 00000000000ed098 /data/app/~~yvshfyvSUZ46EK1lhAhiTQ==/com.jeffmony.media-aLxfQNnnePl3Xieaq6E1uQ==/lib/arm64/libav_media.so
#11 pc 00000000000f0c04 /data/app/~~yvshfyvSUZ46EK1lhAhiTQ==/com.jeffmony.media-aLxfQNnnePl3Xieaq6E1uQ==/lib/arm64/libav_media.so
#12 pc 00000000000d7118 /data/app/~~yvshfyvSUZ46EK1lhAhiTQ==/com.jeffmony.media-aLxfQNnnePl3Xieaq6E1uQ==/lib/arm64/libav_media.so
#13 pc 00000000000d56e4 /data/app/~~yvshfyvSUZ46EK1lhAhiTQ==/com.jeffmony.media-aLxfQNnnePl3Xieaq6E1uQ==/lib/arm64/libav_media.so
#14 pc 00000000000d3360 /data/app/~~yvshfyvSUZ46EK1lhAhiTQ==/com.jeffmony.media-aLxfQNnnePl3Xieaq6E1uQ==/lib/arm64/libav_media.so
#15 pc 00000000000d32b4 /data/app/~~yvshfyvSUZ46EK1lhAhiTQ==/com.jeffmony.media-aLxfQNnnePl3Xieaq6E1uQ==/lib/arm64/libav_media.so
#16 pc 00000000000d3008 /data/app/~~yvshfyvSUZ46EK1lhAhiTQ==/com.jeffmony.media-aLxfQNnnePl3Xieaq6E1uQ==/lib/arm64/libav_media.so
#17 pc 00000000000eb504 /apex/com.android.runtime/lib64/bionic/libc.so (_ZL15__pthread_startPv+64)
#18 pc 000000000008bb0c /apex/com.android.runtime/lib64/bionic/libc.so (__start_thread+64)

Abort message是：
JNI ERROR (app bug): attempt to use stale Global 0x3a6a (should be 0x3a62)

_ZN7_JNIEnv14GetObjectClassEP8_jobject
/Users/jeffli/Library/Android/sdk/ndk/21.1.6352462/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/darwin-x86_64/sysroot/usr/include/jni.h:585

_ZN6effect6OpenGL12ProcessImageEjPKfS2_Pf
/Users/jeffli/poizon/OpenGL/OpenGL/gl/opengl.cc:197

_ZN6effect11FrameBuffer12ProcessImageEjiiPKfS2_Pfl
/Users/jeffli/poizon/OpenGL/OpenGL/gl/frame_buffer.cc:96

_ZN5media11VideoRecord11OnTakePhotoEjii
/Users/jeffli/poizon/androidvideoeditor/library/src/main/cpp/record/video_record.cc:362

_ZN5media11VideoRecord11OnDrawFrameEv
/Users/jeffli/poizon/androidvideoeditor/library/src/main/cpp/record/video_record.cc:454

_ZN5media7Message7ExecuteEv
/Users/jeffli/poizon/androidvideoeditor/library/src/main/cpp/message/message_queue.cc:31

_ZN5media7Handler14ProcessMessageEv
/Users/jeffli/poizon/androidvideoeditor/library/src/main/cpp/message/handler.cc:83

_ZN5media7Handler18MessageQueueThreadEPv
/Users/jeffli/poizon/androidvideoeditor/library/src/main/cpp/message/handler.cc:94

take_photo_listener_是不是空指针
take_photo_listener_存不存在多线程调用

art/runtime/jni/jni_internal.cc---> GetObjectClass
art/runtime/scoped_thread_state_changeinl.h---> ScopedObjectAccessAlreadyRunnable::Decode
art/runtime/thread.cc---> Thread::DecodeJObject
art/runtime/jni/java_vm_ext.cc---> JavaVMExt::DecodeGlobal
art/runtime/indirect_reference_table.h---> SynchronizedGet
art/runtime/indirect_reference_table.h---> IndirectReferenceTable::Get
art/runtime/indirect_reference_table.h---> IndirectReferenceTable::CheckEntry

#16 pc 00000000000d3008 /data/app/~~yvshfyvSUZ46EK1lhAhiTQ==/com.jeffmony.media-aLxfQNnnePl3Xieaq6E1uQ==/lib/arm64/libav_media.so

# !/bin/sh

python parse_crash.py crash

# -*- coding:UTF-8 -*-
# Author : jeffmony@163.com
# Date : 28/07/21

import sys
import os
import re

NDK_HOME = '/Users/jeffli/tools/android-ndk-r16b'

ADDRLINE = '/toolchains/aarch64-linux-android-4.9/prebuilt/darwin-x86_64/bin/aarch64-linux-android-addr2line'

ADDRLINE_PATH = NDK_HOME + ADDRLINE

SO_PATH = 'XXXX'

file_name = sys.argv[1]
file_object = open(file_name, 'rU')
file_info = ''

try:
    for line in file_object:
        stack = ''
        so_name = ''
        tempStr = line.strip('\n')
        start = tempStr.find('pc')
        tempStr = tempStr[start + 3:]
        tempStr = re.sub(' +',' ', tempStr)
        end = tempStr.find(' ')
        ## 找到具体的pc地址
        stack = tempStr[:end]
        tempStr = tempStr[end + 1:]
        end = tempStr.find(' ')
        if end != -1:
            tempStr = tempStr[:end]
        ## 找到so的名称,要求必须在特定的目录下
        so_name = tempStr[tempStr.rfind('/') + 1:]
        so_path = SO_PATH + '/' + so_name
        result = os.popen(ADDRLINE_PATH + ' -f -e ' + so_path + ' ' + stack).read()
        print result
finally:
    file_object.close()