目前,气象学家公众号分发的ERA5数据分为三部分:
- ERA5常规变量中国区域再分析数据,18TB左右 (更新完成)
- ERA5-land陆面高分辨率中国区域再分析数据,34TB左右 (更新完成)
- ERA5-land陆面高分辨率全球区域(4个变量)再分析数据,18TB
1.ERA5常规变量属性:
数据大小:16.5 TB (4块5TB盘拷贝)
数据格式:NetCDF (.nc)
存储方式:不同变量分开存放,每天1个文件(24时次)
时间:1979.1.1-2022.3.10
范围:70°E-140°E;0-60°N(非全球)
时间分辨率:逐小时
空间分辨率:0.25°*0.25°
单层/表层:1层
多层垂直层次(hPa,19个常用层次):
'100','150','200',
'250','300','350',
'400','450','500',
'550','600','650',
'700','750','800',
'850','900','950',
'1000'
不同变量单独文件夹存储!可提供不同变量选择,暂不提供时段选择!
2.ERA5常规变量类型:(56个+)
- 2m_Temperature
- potential_vortocity
- temperature
- relative_humidity
- vorticity
- divergence
- specific_humidity
- u_component_of_wind
- v_component_of_wind
- geopotential
- convective_precipitation
- large_scale_precipitation
- Total_Precipitation
- 10m_u_component_of_wind
- 10m_v_component_of_wind
- surface_pressure
- MSLP
- surface_net_solar_radiation
- surface_latent_heat_flux
- surface_sensible_heat_flux
- surface_net_solar_radiation_clear_sky
- mean_top_net_long_wave_radiation_flux
- sea_surface_temperature
- skin_reservoir_content
- vertical_velocity
- convective_available_potential_energy(CAPE)
- volumetric_soil_water_layer_1
- volumetric_soil_water_layer_2
- volumetric_soil_water_layer_3
- volumetric_soil_water_layer_4
- skin_temperature
- soil_temperature_level_1
- soil_temperature_level_2
- soil_temperature_level_3
- soil_temperature_level_4
近期新增变量
- 2_metre_dewpoint_temperature
- cloud_base_height
- convective_inhibition
- forecast_albedo
- fraction_of_cloud_cover
- high_cloud_cover
- instantaneous_10_metre_wind_gust
- instantaneous_moisture_flux
- k_index
- low_cloud_cover
- medium_cloud_cover
- precipitation_type
- specific_cloud_ice_water_content
- specific_cloud_liquid_water_content
- specific_rain_water_content
- specific_snow_water_content
- surface_sensible_heat_flux
- total_cloud_cover
- total_column_water
- total_column_water_vapour
- total_totals_index
- zero_degree_level
海浪/海洋部分(暂时停止更新了)
- significant_height_of_combined_wind_waves_and_swell
- mean_wave_direction
- peak_wave_period
- mean_wave_period
- significant_height_of_wind_waves
- mean_direction_of_wind_waves
- mean_period_of_wind_waves
- significant_wave_height_of_first_swell_partition
- mean_wave_direction_of_first_swell_partition
- mean_wave_period_of_first_swell_partition
- normalized_energy_flux_into_waves
- normalized_energy_flux_into_ocean
- normalized_stress_into_ocean
- u_component_stokes_drift
- v_component_stokes_drift
- model_bathymetry
- significant_height_of_total_swell
- mean_direction_of_total_swell
- mean_period_of_total_swell
- ocean_surface_stress_equivalent_10m_neutral_wind_speed
- ocean_surface_stress_equivalent_10m_neutral_wind_direction
更多变量名请参考:https://confluence.ecmwf.int/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=82870405#ERA5:datadocumentation-Table7
3.ERA5-LAND变量属性:
数据大小:~35TB (2块18TB盘拷贝)
数据格式:NetCDF (.nc),格点数据
存储方式:每天1个文件(24时次),大小~1.2GB
时间:1950.1.1-2022.2.28
范围:70°E-140°E;-5-65°N(非全球)
时间分辨率:逐小时
空间分辨率:0.1°*0.1° ,水平分辨率~ 10 km.
变量需自行拆分!50各变量一起下载的。可选择时段,暂不提供分拆变量!
4.ERA5-LAND全变量类型:
(50个变量)
- 10m_u_component_of_wind
- 10m_v_component_of_wind
- 2m_dewpoint_temperature
- 2m_temperature
- evaporation_from_bare_soil
- evaporation_from_open_water_surfaces_excluding_oceans
- evaporation_from_the_top_of_canopy
- evaporation_from_vegetation_transpiration
- forecast_albedo
- lake_bottom_temperature
- lake_ice_depth
- lake_ice_temperature
- lake_mix_layer_depth
- lake_mix_layer_temperature
- lake_shape_factor
- lake_total_layer_temperature
- leaf_area_index_high_vegetation
- leaf_area_index_low_vegetation
- potential_evaporation
- runoff
- skin_reservoir_content
- skin_temperature
- snow_albedo
- snow_cover
- snow_density
- snow_depth
- snow_depth_water_equivalent
- snow_evaporation
- snowfall
- snowmelt
- soil_temperature_level_1
- soil_temperature_level_2
- soil_temperature_level_3
- soil_temperature_level_4
- sub_surface_runoff
- surface_latent_heat_flux
- surface_net_solar_radiation
- surface_net_thermal_radiation
- surface_pressure
- surface_runoff
- surface_sensible_heat_flux
- surface_solar_radiation_downwards
- surface_thermal_radiation_downwards
- temperature_of_snow_layer
- total_evaporation
- total_precipitation
- volumetric_soil_water_layer_1
- volumetric_soil_water_layer_2
- volumetric_soil_water_layer_3
- volumetric_soil_water_layer_4
更多变量名请参考:https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/cdsapp#!/dataset/reanalysis-era5-land?tab=overview
5.数据获取方式
由于ECMWF对于ERA5数据的下载速度限制以及数据量巨大短时间难以下载获取等原因,因此开展ERA5数据共享Project,将近两三年内个人与课题组下载、整理的ERA5(~16TB)、ERA5-Land(~18TB)数据共享出来,在ECMWF的使用条款中合法的复制与分发都是符合规定的,不存在数据使用上的法律纠纷问题。https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/api/v2/terms/static/licence-to-use-copernicus-products.pdf
由于数据量太大,目前仅支持硬盘拷贝,暂不支持百度云盘分享(文件数量过多,无法分享;非会员下载过慢失去了二次分发的意义;数据过大会被百度云自动屏蔽,沟通成本高...)。如需自备硬盘拷贝,采取顺丰到付方式获取;数据详细信息请看后文,可获取ERA5数据,加好友请备注:“ERA5”。
另外,GPM L3降水数据半小时/逐日的已上传至百度云盘(~4TB)可免费获取。(更新到了2021.9.30)
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