看到此文章的你一定是个热爱生活,善于钻研技术人吧!搬砖的路上,我们一起努力。上期《关于局域网、路由器、IGP协议、EGP协议、RIP协议、OSPF协议、DHCP协议,你看这篇就够了!》中,首先介绍了局域网、路由器、IGP协议、EGP协议、RIP协议、OSPF协议、DHCP协议的概念,然后结合计算机网络考试中出现的高频考题,重点讲述局域网接口配置、路由器的静态路由配置、OSPF动态路由协议配置和DHCP服务器配置,相信看了此文章的你已经掌握了这些东东吧。本期分享路由器DHCP功能概述及其工作原理。
某客户机使用DHCP获取IP地址等信息,其获取IP地址过程中捕获的4条报文及对第2条报文分析如下所示。请分析其中的信息,补全内容。
编号 报文摘要
1 DHCP:Request,Type:DHCP Discover
2 DHCP: Reply, Type: DHCP【11】
3 DHCP: Request, Type: DHCP Request
4 DHCP: Reply, Type: DHCP ACK
DLC: ----- DLC Header -----
DLC: Destination = 【12】
DLC: Source = 001122334455
DLC: Ethertype = 0800 (IP)
IP:D =【13】,S = 192.168.0.1
【14】 :D= 68,S= 67
DHCP:----- DHCP Header -----
DHCP: Boot record type = 2 (Reply)
DHCP: Hardware address type = 1 (10M Ethernet)
DHCP: Hardware address length = 6 bytes
DHCP: Hops =0
DHCP: Transaction id = 6019121F
DHCP: Elapsed boot time = 0 seconds
DHCP: Flags = 0000
DHCP: 0 = no broadcast
DHCP: Client self-assigned address = [0.0.0.0]
DHCP: Client address =[192.168.0.180]
DHCP: Next Server to use in bootstrap =[0.0.0.0]
DHCP: Relay Agent =[0.0.0.0]
DHCP: Client hardware address =001234567890
DHCP: Host name = “ ”
DHCP: Boot file name = “ ”
DHCP: Vendor Information tag = 53825276
DHCP: Message Type = 2
DHCP: Address renewel interval = 345600 (seconds)
DHCP: Address rebinding interval = 604800 (seconds)
DHCP: Request IP Address leased time = 691200 (seconds)
DHCP: Sever IP Address = 【15】
DHCP: Subnet mask = 255. 255. 255. 0
DHCP: Gateway address = [192. 168.0.100]
DHCP: Domain Name Server address =[ 202.106.0.100]
按照学长的风格,在解决问题之前,先从基本的概念搞起。这次也不例外啦,先来瞧瞧DHCP的概述和工作原理吧!走起
DHCP(动态主机配置协议)是一个局域网的网络协议。指的是由服务器控制一段IP地址范围,客户机登录服务器时就可以自动获得服务器分配的IP地址和子网掩码。默认情况下,DHCP作为Windows Server的一个服务组件不会被系统自动安装,还需要管理员手动安装并进行必要的配置。
DHCP工作原理流程图如下:
下面给出思路和参考: