Python定义计算矩阵转置的函数

matrix = [[1, 2, 3, 4],[5, 6, 7, 8],[9, 10, 11, 12]]

# 打印矩阵
def printMatrix(m):
    for ele in m:
        for e in ele:
            print('%3d' % e, end='')
        print('')

# 转置矩阵
def transformMatrix(m):
    rt = [[] for i in m[0]]    # m[0] 有几个元素，说明原矩阵有多少列。此处创建转置矩阵的行
    for ele in m:
        for i in range(len(ele)):
            # rt[i] 代表新矩阵的第 i 行
            # ele[i] 代表原矩阵当前行的第 i 列
            rt[i].append(ele[i])
    return rt

printmatrix(matrix)
print('-'*40)
printmatrix(transformMatrix(matrix))

  1  2  3  4
  5  6  7  8
  9 10 11 12
----------------------------------------
  1  5  9
  2  6 10
  3  7 11
  4  8 12

def transformMatrix(m):
    # 逆向参数收集，将矩阵中多个列表转换成多个参数，传给 zip
    return list(zip(*m))

printmatrix(matrix)
print('-'*40)
printmatrix(transformMatrix(matrix))

  1  2  3  4
  5  6  7  8
  9 10 11 12
----------------------------------------
  1  5  9
  2  6 10
  3  7 11
  4  8 12

import numpy

def transformMatrix(m):
    
    return numpy.transpose(m).tolist()

printmatrix(matrix)
print('-'*40)
printmatrix(transformMatrix(matrix))

  1  2  3  4
  5  6  7  8
  9 10 11 12
----------------------------------------
  1  5  9
  2  6 10
  3  7 11
  4  8 12