Nagios安装与部署[通俗易懂]

[root@xueji ~]# yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common php gd gd-devel libpng libmng libjpeg zlib
这里注意：如果提示那个依赖库安装失败，建议配置下网络YUM源，USTC、Tsinghua或者ali的开源镜像站都可以；也可以直接去网上下载。

[root@xueji ~]# yum install -y httpd php

[root@xueji ~]# service httpd start 
[root@xueji ~]# elinks 192.168.159.130 --dump >> php_out.txt
[root@xueji ~]# echo $?
0
[root@xueji ~]# less php_out.txt
   [1]PHP Logo

   PHP Version 5.3.3

   System             Linux xueji 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Nov 22
                      03:15:09 UTC 2013 x86_64
   Build Date         Mar 22 2017 12:27:34
                      './configure' '--build=x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu'......
显示出PHP的相关信息，即说明PHP正常

[root@xueji ~]# groupadd nagcmd
[root@xueji ~]# usermod -G nagcmd apache
[root@xueji ~]# useradd nagios -G nagcmd
[root@xueji ~]# mkdir Nagios
[root@xueji Nagios]# ls
nagios-3.5.1.tar.gz          pnp4nagios-0.6.25.tar.gz
nagios-plugins-2.1.1.tar.gz  vautour_style.zip
nrpe-2.15.tar.gz

[root@xueji Nagios]# tar -xf nagios-3.5.1.tar.gz 
[root@xueji Nagios]# tar -xf nagios-plugins-2.1.1.tar.gz 
[root@xueji Nagios]# tar -xf nrpe-2.15.tar.gz 
[root@xueji Nagios]# tar -xf pnp4nagios-0.6.25.tar.gz 
[root@xueji Nagios]# unzip vautour_style.zip 
[root@xueji Nagios]# cd nagios
[root@xueji nagios]# ./configure --with-command-group=nagcmd && echo $? && sleep 3 && make all && echo $? && sleep 3 && make install && make install-init && make install-commandmode && make install-config && make install-webconf
//make install安装生成/usr/local/nagios/，其中/usr/local/nagios/share即nagiosWEB访问界面的站点目录
//make install-init                安装生成/etc/rc.d/init.d/nagios  启动脚本                                
//make install-config            安装生成/usr/local/nagios/etc下的nagios相关配置文件                    
//make install-commandmode    设定相应nagios工作目录的权限
//make install-webconf            安装Nagios的WEB配置文件到Apache的conf.d目录下
到此时，安装过程就结束了

[root@xueji nagios]# ls /usr/local/nagios/    
bin  etc  libexec  sbin  share  var
[root@xueji nagios]# ls /usr/local/nagios/share/   #执行过make install 后生成了/usr/local/nagios/share这个目录
config.inc.php  includes   media             side.php
contexthelp     index.php  robots.txt        ssi
docs            js         rss-corefeed.php  stylesheets
images          main.php   rss-newsfeed.php
##执行了make install-init 后，生成了/etc/init.d/nagios，即nagios的启动文件
[root@xueji nagios]# ls /etc/init.d/nagios 
/etc/init.d/nagios
##执行make install-config后，生成了nagios的配置文件
[root@xueji nagios]# ls /usr/local/nagios/etc/
cgi.cfg  nagios.cfg  objects  resource.cfg
##执行make install-webconf后，会在/etc/httpd/conf.d/下生成nagios的配置文件
[root@xueji nagios]# ls /etc/httpd/conf.d/ | grep nagios
nagios.conf

[root@xueji nagios]# ls /usr/local/nagios/
bin       //nagios执行程序所在的目录
etc       //nagios配置文件所在目录，初始安装完成后，只有几个.cfg文件，
libexec  //监控所用命令，需要安装nagios-plugins插件才会有，检测命令，不装是空的
sbin    //Nagios的cgi文件所在目录，外部命令所需的文件存放目录
share  //nagiosde 前端页面
var     //日志文件，pid（进程）文件等等。

[root@xueji ~]# htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd
.users nagiosadmin
New password: 
Re-type new password: 
Adding password for user nagiosadmin
##htpasswd.users这个文件是htpasswd 命令通过-c参数创建出来的，之后再添加nagios用户的话，就不需要-c参数了
[root@xueji ~]# cat /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users 
nagiosadmin:6WusQf7QgCtw6
[root@xueji ~]# service httpd restart  //重启httpd服务测试刚才创建的nagios用户是否可以登录。

[root@xueji Nagios]# cd nagios-plugins-2.1.1
[root@xueji nagios-plugins-2.1.1]# ./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagcmd && echo $? &&sleep 3 && make && echo $? && sleep 3 && make install && echo $?

[root@xueji nagios-plugins-2.1.1]# cd /usr/local/nagios/
[root@xueji nagios]# ls
bin  etc  include  libexec  sbin  share  var
[root@xueji nagios]# ls libexec/
check_apt           check_ldap         check_procs
check_breeze        check_ldaps        check_real
check_by_ssh        check_load         check_rpc
check_clamd         check_log          check_sensors
check_cluster       check_mailq        check_simap
check_dhcp          check_mrtg         check_smtp
check_dig           check_mrtgtraf     check_spop
check_disk          check_mysql        check_ssh
check_disk_smb      check_mysql_query  check_ssmtp
check_dns           check_nagios       check_swap
check_dummy         check_nntp         check_tcp
check_file_age      check_nntps        check_time
check_flexlm        check_nt           check_udp
check_ftp           check_ntp          check_ups
check_http          check_ntp_peer     check_uptime
check_icmp          check_ntp_time     check_users
check_ide_smart     check_nwstat       check_wave
check_ifoperstatus  check_oracle       negate
check_ifstatus      check_overcr       urlize
check_imap          check_pgsql        utils.pm
check_ircd          check_ping         utils.sh
check_jabber        check_pop

[root@xueji ~]# service httpd restart 
Stopping httpd:                                          [  OK  ]
Starting httpd:                                          [  OK  ]
[root@xueji ~]# service nagios restart 
Running configuration check...done.
Stopping nagios: No lock file found in /usr/local/nagios/var/nagios.lock
Starting nagios: done.

[root@xueji ~]# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
log_file=/var/log/nagios/nagios.log                         #日志位置
cfg_file=/etc/nagios/objects/commands.cfg                   #这个文件定义了很多命令
cfg_file=/etc/nagios/objects/contacts.cfg                   #定义联系人，怎么联系
cfg_file=/etc/nagios/objects/timeperiods.cfg                #定义了时间段
cfg_file=/etc/nagios/objects/templates.cfg                  #模板（联系人，主机，时间）
cfg_file=/etc/nagios/objects/localhost.cfg                  #监控本机相关配置文件
#cfg_file=/etc/nagios/objects/windows.cfg                   #windows，默认不监控
#cfg_file=/etc/nagios/objects/switch.cfg                    #交换机路由器监控，默认不监控
#cfg_file=/etc/nagios/objects/printer.cfg                   #打印机监控，默认不监控

#cfg_dir=/etc/nagios/servers                                #定义了服务合集（多个使用）
#cfg_dir=/etc/nagios/printers                               #定义了打印机合集（多个使用）
#cfg_dir=/etc/nagios/switches                               #定义了交换合集（多个使用）
#cfg_dir=/etc/nagios/routers                                #定义了路由合集（多个使用）
cfg_dir=/etc/nagios/conf.d                     #配置文件目录（下面的cfg文件一样有效）

resource_file=/etc/nagios/private/resource.cfg 资源变量配置文件，包括$USER1$变量（一个路径）等
status_update_interval=10                                   #状态更新时间，单位s
log_rotation_method=d                                       #日志滚动，默认天
service_check_timeout=60                                    #服务检查超时时间
host_check_timeout=30                                        #主机检查超时时间
event_handler_timeout=30                                
notification_timeout=30
ocsp_timeout=5
perfdata_timeout=5
[root@xueji ~]# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/cgi.cfg  //比nagios.cfg文件的优先级高
main_config_file=/etc/nagios/nagios.cfg             #主配置文件
physical_html_path=/usr/share/nagios/html           #物理路径
url_html_path=/nagios                               #在URL后面加上/nagios才能访问
use_authentication=1                                #使用认证
use_ssl_authentication=0                            #不使用ssl
authorized_for_system_information=nagiosadmin       #认证用户

[root@xueji ~]# cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/
[root@xueji objects]# ls
commands.cfg   printer.cfg    timeperiods.cfg
contacts.cfg   switch.cfg     windows.cfg
localhost.cfg  templates.cfg
[root@xueji objects]# cp localhost.cfg{,.bak}
[root@xueji objects]# vim localhost.cfg
define service{
        use                             local-service         ; Name of service template to use
        host_name                       localhost
        service_description             NFS        check_command                   check_tcp!2049
        }


@                                                         
/define service 
##创建一个共享
[root@xueji objects]# vim /etc/exports
/tmp *{rw}
[root@xueji objects]# /etc/init.d/nfs start
Starting NFS services:  exportfs: No options for /tmp *{rw}: suggest *{rw}(sync) to avoid warning
                                                         [  OK  ]
Starting NFS quotas:                                     [  OK  ]
Starting NFS mountd:                                     [  OK  ]
Starting NFS daemon:                                     [  OK  ]
Starting RPC idmapd:                                     [  OK  ]
[root@xueji objects]# showmount -e 192.168.159.130
Export list for 192.168.159.130:
/tmp *{rw}
检查localhost是否启用
[root@xueji objects]# grep localhost /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg 
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg  //默认已经启用
检查配置文件是否有误
[root@xueji objects]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg  | grep ^Total
Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors:   0
都是0表明配置文件没有问题。
[root@xueji objects]# /etc/init.d/nagios restart 
Running configuration check...done.
Stopping nagios: done.
Starting nagios: done.