Gateway服务网关 (入门到使用)

<!--网关-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--nacos服务发现依赖 自己也要注册到nacos-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>

@SpringBootApplication
public class GatewayApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(GatewayApplication.class, args);
	}
}

server:
  port: 10010 # 网关端口
spring:
  application:
    name: gateway # 服务名称
  cloud:
    nacos:
      server-addr: localhost:8848 # nacos地址
    gateway:
      routes: # 网关路由配置
        - id: order-service
          uri: lb://orderservice
          predicates:
            - Path=/user/**
            - After=2021-01-20T17:42:47.789-07:00[America/Denver] #断言：只有在这个事件后发送的请求才可以
        - id: user-service # 路由id，自定义，只要唯一即可
          # uri: http://127.0.0.1:8081 # 路由的目标地址 http就是固定地址
          uri: lb://userservice # 路由的目标地址 lb就是负载均衡，后面跟服务名称
          predicates: # 路由断言，也就是判断请求是否符合路由规则的条件
            - Path=/user/** # 这个是按照路径匹配，只要以/user/开头就符合要求
          filters: # 过滤器（当前过滤器写在userservice路由下，因此仅仅对访问userservice的请求有效）
            - AddRequestHeader=Conan, isMe! # 添加请求头
      default-filters: # 默认过滤项（对所有路由都有效）
        - AddRequestHeader=Truth, Itcast is freaking awesome!

package cn.itcast.gateway.filters;

import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilterChain;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GlobalFilter;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;

@Order(-1)
@Component
public class AuthorizeFilter implements GlobalFilter {
    @Override
    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
        // 1.获取请求参数
        MultiValueMap<String, String> params = exchange.getRequest().getQueryParams();
        // 2.获取authorization参数
        String auth = params.getFirst("authorization");
        // 3.校验
        if ("admin".equals(auth)) {
            // 放行
            return chain.filter(exchange);
        }
        // 4.拦截
        // 4.1.禁止访问，设置状态码
        exchange.getResponse().setStatusCode(HttpStatus.FORBIDDEN);
        // 4.2.结束处理
        return exchange.getResponse().setComplete();
    }
}

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      #解决跨域问题
      globalcors: # 全局的跨域处理
        add-to-simple-url-handler-mapping: true # 解决options请求被拦截问题
        corsConfigurations:
          '[/**]': # /**是说拦截所有请求
            allowedOrigins: # 允许哪些网站的跨域请求 
              - "http://localhost:8090"
            allowedMethods: # 允许的跨域ajax的请求方式
              - "GET"
              - "POST"
              - "DELETE"
              - "PUT"
              - "OPTIONS"
            allowedHeaders: "*" # 允许在请求中携带的头信息
            allowCredentials: true # 是否允许携带cookie
            maxAge: 360000 # 这次跨域检测的有效期

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: user-service 
        uri: lb://userservice 
        predicates: 
        - Path=/user/** 
        filters: # 过滤器
        - AddRequestHeader=Truth, Itcast is freaking awesome! # 添加请求头

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: user-service 
        uri: lb://userservice 
        predicates: 
        - Path=/user/**
      default-filters: # 默认过滤项
      - AddRequestHeader=Truth, Itcast is freaking awesome! 

public interface GlobalFilter {
    /**
     *  处理当前请求，有必要的话通过{@link GatewayFilterChain}将请求交给下一个过滤器处理
     *
     * @param exchange 请求上下文，里面可以获取Request、Response等信息
     * @param chain 用来把请求委托给下一个过滤器 
     * @return {@code Mono<Void>} 返回标示当前过滤器业务结束
     */
    Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain);
}

package cn.itcast.gateway.filters;

import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilterChain;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GlobalFilter;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;

@Order(-1)
@Component
public class AuthorizeFilter implements GlobalFilter {
    @Override
    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
        // 1.获取请求参数
        MultiValueMap<String, String> params = exchange.getRequest().getQueryParams();
        // 2.获取authorization参数
        String auth = params.getFirst("authorization");
        // 3.校验
        if ("admin".equals(auth)) {
            // 放行
            return chain.filter(exchange);
        }
        // 4.拦截
        // 4.1.禁止访问，设置状态码
        exchange.getResponse().setStatusCode(HttpStatus.FORBIDDEN);
        // 4.2.结束处理
        return exchange.getResponse().setComplete();
    }
}

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      #解决跨域问题
      globalcors: # 全局的跨域处理
        add-to-simple-url-handler-mapping: true # 解决options请求被拦截问题
        corsConfigurations:
          '[/**]':
            allowedOrigins: # 允许哪些网站的跨域请求 
              - "http://localhost:8090"
            allowedMethods: # 允许的跨域ajax的请求方式
              - "GET"
              - "POST"
              - "DELETE"
              - "PUT"
              - "OPTIONS"
            allowedHeaders: "*" # 允许在请求中携带的头信息
            allowCredentials: true # 是否允许携带cookie
            maxAge: 360000 # 这次跨域检测的有效期