腾讯会议API - Webhook介绍与简单实现

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修改于 2023-08-21 10:37:27

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修改于 2023-08-21 10:37:27

文章被收录于专栏：腾讯会议

什么是Webhook？

简单介绍一下腾讯会议Webhook与REST API的差异，调用方式如下图：

可以看到，REST API是由用户应用主动向腾讯会议后台发起请求，然后后台进行响应；而Webhook是由特定事件来触发，然后腾讯Webhook服务主动向用户发起请求。例如在配置Webhook时订阅了用户入会事件消息之后，当会议中有人入会时，后台就会给用户配置的Webhook应用发送POST消息。

怎么开通配置？

参考官网文档进行开通：https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/1095/51605

在接入Webhook之前开发者需要了解的信息

Webhook消息分为GET和POST消息两类，当配置事件消息订阅和后台发送心跳消息时，此时请求的类型是GET消息；当订阅的会议事件被触发时，后台会发送POST类型的消息。

GET消息的处理流程如下：

POST消息的处理流程如下：

实现效果

保存Webhook配置或者收到心跳消息时打印check_str解码后的结果

会议事件触发时打印收到的POST消息内容

可能会遇到的问题

在保存配置时可能会遇到下面的报错提示：

出现这个报错是因为后台给配置的URL发送了一个GET消息，但是没有收到正确的响应。遇到这个问题先确认有没有收到GET消息，如果没有收到，说明配置的URL不对或者消息被拦截了。先确认服务是否已经在配置的URL启动成功了，然后确认防火墙规则是否已经放开Webhook访问，防火墙规则参考这里：https://meeting.tencent.com/support/topic/1929/。如果已经收到GET消息仍然报错，需要确认是否有正确响应处理，具体可以参考接入文档或下面的代码。

代码实现

WebhookServer.java

import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;

public class WebhookServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        HttpServer httpServer = HttpServer.create(new InetSocketAddress(2306), 10);
        httpServer.createContext("/java_webhook", new WebhookHandler());
        httpServer.start();

    }
}

WebhookHandler.java

import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpExchange;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpHandler;
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class WebhookHandler implements HttpHandler {
    public void handle (HttpExchange exchange) {
        String method = exchange.getRequestMethod();

        System.out.println("method: " + method);
        
        if (method.contains("GET")) {
            doGet(exchange);

        } else if (method.contains("POST")) {
            doPost(exchange);
        } else {
            System.out.println("method: " + method + "is illegal");
        }

    }

    private static Map<String,String> formData2Dic(String formData ) {
        Map<String,String> result = new HashMap<>();
        if(formData== null || formData.trim().length() == 0) {
            return result;
        }
        final String[] items = formData.split("&");
        Arrays.stream(items).forEach(item ->{
            final String[] keyAndVal = item.split("=");
            if( keyAndVal.length == 2) {
                try{
                    final String key = URLDecoder.decode( keyAndVal[0],"utf8");
                    final String val = URLDecoder.decode( keyAndVal[1],"utf8");
                    result.put(key,val);
                }catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {}
            }
        });
        return result;
    }

    private void doGet(HttpExchange exchange) {
        String queryString = exchange.getRequestURI().getQuery();
        Map<String, String> queryStringInfo = formData2Dic(queryString);
        String checkStr = queryStringInfo.get("check_str");
        Base64.Decoder decoder = Base64.getDecoder();
        String checkData = new String(decoder.decode(checkStr));
        // 由于获取checkStr时会把Base64默认补齐的"="去掉，这里再转一次补回来
        Base64.Encoder encoder = Base64.getEncoder();
        checkStr = encoder.encodeToString(checkData.getBytes());
        //System.out.println("check_str：" + checkStr + " checkData：" + checkData);

        String timestamp = exchange.getRequestHeaders().get("timestamp").get(0);
        String nonce = exchange.getRequestHeaders().get("nonce").get(0);
        String signature = exchange.getRequestHeaders().get("signature").get(0);
        //System.out.println("timestamp：" + timestamp + " nonce：" + nonce + " signature：" + signature);
        String checkSignature = Sha1Util.calSignature(WebhookConfig.token, timestamp, nonce, checkStr);
        //System.out.println("checkSignature：" + checkSignature);

        if (checkSignature.contentEquals(signature)) {
            try {
                // 验证通过时需要返回base64解码后的check_str参数，并且HTTP 头部响应200
                System.out.println(checkData);
                exchange.sendResponseHeaders(200, checkData.length());
                OutputStream os = exchange.getResponseBody();
                os.write(checkData.getBytes());
                os.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
        } else {
            try {
                // 验证不通过时报错
                String response = "check signature failed";
                System.out.println(response);
                exchange.sendResponseHeaders(400, response.length());
                OutputStream os = exchange.getResponseBody();
                os.write(response.getBytes());
                os.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
        }
    }

    private void doPost(HttpExchange exchange) {
        String timestamp = exchange.getRequestHeaders().get("timestamp").get(0);
        String nonce = exchange.getRequestHeaders().get("nonce").get(0);
        String signature = exchange.getRequestHeaders().get("signature").get(0);
        String postBody = null;
        PostMsg rawData = null;
        String msg = null;
        //System.out.println("timestamp：" + timestamp + " nonce：" + nonce + " signature：" + signature);
        try {
            postBody = IOUtils.toString(exchange.getRequestBody(), "UTF-8");
            //System.out.println(postBody + "\n");
            Gson gson = new Gson();
            rawData = gson.fromJson(postBody, PostMsg.class);
            //System.out.println(rawData.data);
            Base64.Decoder decoder = Base64.getDecoder();
            msg = new String(decoder.decode(rawData.data));
            //System.out.println(msg);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println(e);
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }

        String checkSignature = Sha1Util.calSignature(WebhookConfig.token, timestamp, nonce, rawData.data);
        //System.out.println("checkSignature：" + checkSignature);

        if (checkSignature.contentEquals(signature)) {

            ////////////
            //对post消息进行处理，建议异步处理，防止超时
            System.out.println(msg);
            ////////////

            try {
                // 验证通过时固定的字符串，并且HTTP 头部响应200
                String response = "successfully received callback";
                System.out.println(response);
                exchange.sendResponseHeaders(200, response.length());
                OutputStream os = exchange.getResponseBody();
                os.write(response.getBytes());
                os.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
        } else {
            try {
                // 验证不通过时报错
                String response = "check signature failed";
                System.out.println(response);
                exchange.sendResponseHeaders(400, response.length());
                OutputStream os = exchange.getResponseBody();
                os.write(response.getBytes());
                os.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
        }
    }
}

Sha1Util.java

import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.util.Arrays;

public class Sha1Util {

    // 生成签名
    public static String calSignature(String token, String timestamp, String nonce, String data) {
        String[] arr = new String[]{token, timestamp, nonce, data};
        Arrays.sort(arr);
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
            sb.append(arr[i]);
        }
        return getSha1(sb.toString());
    }

    // sha1签名算法
    public static String getSha1(String str) {
        if (str == null || str.length() == 0) {
            return null;
        }
        char hexDigits[] = { '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f' };

        try {
            MessageDigest mdTemp = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");
            mdTemp.update(str.getBytes("UTF-8"));

            byte[] md = mdTemp.digest();
            int j = md.length;
            char buf[] = new char[j * 2];
            int k = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < j; i++) {
                byte byte0 = md[i];
                buf[k++] = hexDigits[byte0 >>> 4 & 0xf];
                buf[k++] = hexDigits[byte0 & 0xf];
            }
            return new String(buf);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            return null;
        }
    }
}

PostMsg.java

public class PostMsg {
    String data;
}

WebhookConfig.java

public class WebhookConfig {
    public static final String token = "xzXxPIag24PDBSoZqJsfXBq9E";
}

源码下载：

webhook.zip

原创声明：本文系作者授权腾讯云开发者社区发表，未经许可，不得转载。

如有侵权，请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除。

腾讯会议API

腾讯会议

原创声明：本文系作者授权腾讯云开发者社区发表，未经许可，不得转载。

如有侵权，请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除。

腾讯会议API

腾讯会议

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