架构
网络和存储选型
固定 IP 能力:网络需要支持具备固定 IP 的能力, 这里选用 Calico
数据持久化:dataVolume、hostDisk、PVC ,这里选用 dataVolume,可以动态创建 PVC, 并将镜像填充进去
SC 选用 local-storage,性能最好,灾备首先磁盘 RAID 做了冗余,其次在应用层实现高可用灾备
使用 kubespray 安装 K8s 1.28 集群(离线版)
搬运镜像和文件
没有条件的,可以跳过这步,使用国内 daocloud 站点
## 安装 skopeo
sudo apt-get -y update # Ubuntu Server 22.04 LTS
sudo apt-get -y install skopeo
sudo apt-get -y install ansible
git clone https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray.git -b v2.24.1 --depth 1
## 生成搬运列表
cd kubespray/contrib/offline
bash generate_list.sh
## 搬运镜像,注意 {IMAGE-REPO} 为镜像仓库地址,根据实际情况修改
skopeo login {IMAGE-REPO}
for image in $(cat temp/images.list); do skopeo copy docker://${image} docker://{IMAGE-REPO}/k8s/${image#*/}; done
## 搬运文件
wget -x -P temp/files -i temp/files.list
### 安装配置 Nginx, Centos7
yum -y install nginx
systemctl start nginx
#### nginx.conf 配置
location / {
root /home/clay/kubespray/contrib/offline/temp/files;
autoindex on;
autoindex_exact_size off;
autoindex_localtime on;
}
安装前准备
# 挂盘、升 kernel、升操作系统、配置时间同步、参数调优等
下载 kubespray,修改配置文件
# 下载
git clone https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray.git -b v2.24.1 --depth 1
cd kubespray
# 修改配置文件
cp -rfp inventory/sample inventory/kubevirt-test
## inventory/kubevirt-test/group_vars/k8s_cluster/k8s-cluster.yml 文件修改
### 开启审计日志
kubernetes_audit: true
### 自动重新生成证书
auto_renew_certificates: true
### 开启资源预留,注意,下面具体的参数也要打开 ## The following two items need to be set when kube_reserved is true
kube_reserved: true
system_reserved: true
### 修改 Pod 、 Service CIDR, 根据实际情况修改,不要冲突
kube_pods_subnet:
kube_service_addresses:
## inventory/kubevirt-test/group_vars/all/offline.yml 文件修改,注意 {IMAGE-REPO} 、{FILE-REPO},根据实际情况修改
sed -i -E '/# .*\{\{ files_repo/s/^# //g' inventory/kubevirt-test/group_vars/all/offline.yml # 命令需在 Linux 系统执行
tee -a inventory/kubevirt-test/group_vars/all/offline.yml <<EOF
gcr_image_repo: "{IMAGE-REPO}/k8s"
kube_image_repo: "{IMAGE-REPO}/k8s"
docker_image_repo: "{IMAGE-REPO}/k8s"
quay_image_repo: "{IMAGE-REPO}/k8s"
github_image_repo: "{IMAGE-REPO}/k8s"
files_repo: "{FILE-REPO}"
EOF
## inventory/kubevirt-test/group_vars/k8s_cluster/addons.yml 修改默认安装插件
helm_enabled: true
metrics_server_enabled: true
csi_snapshot_controller_enabled: true
ingress_nginx_enabled: true
## 修改主机列表,注意{HOSTNAME1},{IP1} {HOSTNAME2},{IP2} {HOSTNAME3},{IP3},根据实际情况修改
pip3 install ruamel_yaml
declare -a IPS=({HOSTNAME1},{IP1} {HOSTNAME2},{IP2} {HOSTNAME3},{IP3})
CONFIG_FILE=inventory/kubevirt-test/hosts.yaml python3 contrib/inventory_builder/inventory.py ${IPS[@]}
新建集群
## 下拉封装好的镜像
docker pull quay.io/kubespray/kubespray:v2.24.1
## 启动
docker run --rm -it --mount type=bind,source="$(pwd)"/inventory,dst=/kubespray/inventory \
--mount type=bind,source="${HOME}"/.ssh/id_rsa,dst=/root/.ssh/id_rsa \
quay.io/kubespray/kubespray:v2.24.1 bash
## 执行 playbook
ansible-playbook -i inventory/kubevirt-test/hosts.yaml --private-key /root/.ssh/id_rsa cluster.yml
KubeVirt 是 Kubernetes 的虚拟化附加组件,本指南假定已经安装了 Kubernetes 群集。
在开始之前需要满足一些要求
kubectl
客户端建议使用虚拟化支持的硬件。您可以使用 virt-host validate 来确保您的主机能够运行虚拟化工作负载:
# 安装 virt-host-validate 命令,centos7
yum install -y qemu-kvm libvirt virt-install bridge-utils
# 验证
virt-host-validate qemu
QEMU: Checking for hardware virtualization : PASS
QEMU: Checking if device /dev/kvm exists : PASS
QEMU: Checking if device /dev/kvm is accessible : PASS
QEMU: Checking if device /dev/vhost-net exists : PASS
QEMU: Checking if device /dev/net/tun exists : PASS
...
# 指定为 v1.2.1 版本
export RELEASE=v1.2.1
# 下载 KubeVirt operator Yaml,并安装
wget https://github.com/kubevirt/kubevirt/releases/download/${RELEASE}/kubevirt-operator.yaml
kubectl apply -f kubevirt-operator.yaml
# 下载 KubeVirt CR, 创建 KubeVirt CR(实例部署请求),该 CR 触发实际安装
wget https://github.com/kubevirt/kubevirt/releases/download/${RELEASE}/kubevirt-cr.yaml
kubectl apply -f kubevirt-cr.yaml
# 等待所有 KubeVirt 组件都启动
kubectl -n kubevirt wait kv kubevirt --for condition=Available
# 下载 virtctl client
wget https://github.com/kubevirt/kubevirt/releases/download/${RELEASE}/virtctl-${RELEASE}-linux-amd64
mv virtctl-${RELEASE}-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/virtctl
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/virtctl
CDI (Containerized Data Importer)项目提供了一些功能,可以通过 DataVolumes 将 pvc (Persistent Volume Claims) 用作 KubeVirt 虚拟机的磁盘。三个主要的CDI 用例是:
安装 CDI
# 指定 v1.59.0 版本
export VERSION=v1.59.0
# 下载 Yaml 并创建
wget https://github.com/kubevirt/containerized-data-importer/releases/download/$VERSION/cdi-operator.yaml
wget https://github.com/kubevirt/containerized-data-importer/releases/download/$VERSION/cdi-cr.yaml
kubectl create -f cdi-operator.yaml
kubectl create -f cdi-cr.yaml
vm 特性
配置 sc、pv、pvc
# local-sc-and-pv.yaml
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
name: local-storage
provisioner: kubernetes.io/no-provisioner
volumeBindingMode: WaitForFirstConsumer
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
name: centos-image
spec:
capacity:
storage: 90Gi
volumeMode: Filesystem
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Delete
storageClassName: local-storage
local:
path: /data/centos-image
nodeAffinity:
required:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: kubernetes.io/hostname
operator: In
values:
- sh1-st-int-k8s-ops-kubevirt-03
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
name: centos-image-scratch
spec:
capacity:
storage: 90Gi
volumeMode: Filesystem
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Delete
storageClassName: local-storage
local:
path: /data/centos-image-scratch
nodeAffinity:
required:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: kubernetes.io/hostname
operator: In
values:
- sh1-st-int-k8s-ops-kubevirt-03
kubectl apply -f local-sc-and-pv.yaml
将压缩好的镜像放到内部 文件服务器中, {source_url} ,根据实际情况修改,然后部署 vm
# vm.yaml
apiVersion: kubevirt.io/v1
kind: VirtualMachine
metadata:
labels:
kubevirt.io/vm: vm-centos-test
name: vm-centos-test
spec:
running: false
template:
metadata:
labels:
kubevirt.io/vm: vm-centos-test
annotations:
cni.projectcalico.org/ipAddrs: '["10.70.73.9"]'
spec:
domain:
devices:
disks:
- disk:
bus: virtio
name: datavolumedisk1
interfaces:
- name: default
bridge: {}
resources:
requests:
cpu: 4
memory: 8Gi
networks:
- name: default
pod: {}
volumes:
- dataVolume:
name: centos-dv
name: datavolumedisk1
dataVolumeTemplates:
- metadata:
name: centos-dv
spec:
storage:
storageClassName: local-storage
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
resources:
requests:
storage: 80Gi
source:
http:
url: {source_url}
# 部署 vm
kubectl apply -f vm.yaml
# 启动 vm
virtctl start vm-centos-test
# 进入 vmi
virtctl console vm-centos-test
# 写文件,然后重启,然后数据持久化,和 IP 是否固定
virtctl restart vm-centos-test
踩坑: PVC 需要看镜像里面,实际的大小限制 CPU、MEM 不能太小,不然启动不起来
Todo:
编写自动化工具实现
参考文档:
kubespray doc:https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray/blob/master/docs/operations/mirror.md
kubespray 离线安装配置 | roc:https://imroc.cc/kubernetes/basics/deploy/kubespray/offline
Kubevirt doc:https://kubevirt.io/user-guide/architecture/
kubevirt doc:https://kubevirt.io/user-guide/cluster_admin/installation/
kubevirt doc:https://kubevirt.io/user-guide/storage/containerized_data_importer/
kubevirt k8s-support-matrix:https://github.com/kubevirt/sig-release/blob/main/releases/k8s-support-matrix.md
我是 Clay,下期见 👋