FCDII-causing mutations are either somatic gain-of-function single hits in genes coding for pathway activators (for example, MTOR, PIK3CA, AKT3 and RHEB) or loss-of-function double-hits (germline and somatic) in genes coding for inhibitors of this pathway (for example, DEPDC5 and TSC1/-2)。
FCDII-causing mutations are either somatic gain-of-function single hits in genes coding for pathway activators (for example, MTOR, PIK3CA, AKT3 and RHEB) or loss-of-function double-hits (germline and somatic) in genes coding for inhibitors of this pathway (for example, DEPDC5 and TSC1/-2)。