十五天Python系统学习教程第十四天

# test_calculator.py（类似Java的Test Class）  
import unittest  

def add(a, b):  
    return a + b  

class TestCalculator(unittest.TestCase):  
    def test_add_positive(self):  
        self.assertEqual(add(2, 3), 5)  # 类似JUnit的assertEquals  

    def test_add_negative(self):  
        self.assertEqual(add(-1, -1), -2)  

if __name__ == "__main__":  
    unittest.main()  

from unittest.mock import Mock  

# 模拟数据库查询（类似Mockito.when）  
def test_user_query(mocker):  
    mock_db = Mock()  
    mock_db.execute.return_value = [("Alice", 30)]  

    user_service = UserService(mock_db)  
    result = user_service.get_user(1)  

    assert result.name == "Alice"  
    mock_db.execute.assert_called_once_with("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id=1")  

import pytest  
from app import create_app, db  

@pytest.fixture  
def client():  
    app = create_app(testing=True)  
    with app.test_client() as client:  
        with app.app_context():  
            db.create_all()  
        yield client  
        with app.app_context():  
            db.drop_all()  

def test_create_post(client):  
    response = client.post("/posts", json={"title": "Test", "content": "Hello"})  
    assert response.status_code == 201  
    assert "id" in response.json  

def test_api_posts():  
    response = requests.get("http://localhost:5000/api/posts")  
    assert response.status_code == 200  
    assert isinstance(response.json(), list)  

# 安装工具  
pip install coverage  

# 运行测试并生成报告  
coverage run -m pytest tests/  
coverage html  # 生成HTML报告  

Name               Stmts   Miss  Cover  
-------------------------------------  
app/__init__.py       12      0   100%  
app/models.py         20      1    95%  

# 使用pylint进行静态分析  
pip install pylint  
pylint app/  

# 使用bandit检查安全漏洞  
pip install bandit  
bandit -r app/  

def test_post_model(session):  
    post = Post(title="Test", content="Content")  
    session.add(post)  
    session.commit()  
    assert post.id is not None  
    assert Post.query.count() == 1 

from jsonschema import validate  

post_schema = {  
    "type": "object",  
    "properties": {  
        "id": {"type": "number"},  
        "title": {"type": "string"}  
    },  
    "required": ["id", "title"]  
}  

def test_get_post(client):  
    response = client.get("/api/posts/1")  
    validate(response.json(), post_schema)  

from selenium.webdriver import Chrome  

def test_user_flow():  
    driver = Chrome()  
    driver.get("http://localhost:5000/register")  
    driver.find_element("name", "username").send_keys("testuser")  
    driver.find_element("name", "password").send_keys("secret123")  
    driver.find_element("tag name", "button").click()  
    assert "Welcome" in driver.page_source  
    driver.quit()  

# .github/workflows/test.yml  
name: Python CI  

on: [push]  

jobs:  
  test:  
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest  
    steps:  
    - uses: actions/checkout@v4  
    - name: Set up Python  
      uses: actions/setup-python@v4  
      with:  
        python-version: "3.10"  
    - run: pip install -r requirements.txt  
    - run: pytest --cov=app tests/  
    - name: Upload coverage  
      uses: codecov/codecov-action@v3  

- name: Notify DingTalk  
  uses: nicolasnoble/dingtalk-action@v1  
  with:  
    access_token: ${{ secrets.DINGTALK_TOKEN }}  
    msgtype: markdown  
    content: |  
      ## 测试结果  
      - 覆盖率: ${{ coverage }}%  
      - 通过率: ${{ success }}  

@pytest.mark.asyncio  
async def test_async_api():  
    async with AsyncClient() as client:  
        response = await client.get("/async")  
        assert response.status_code == 200  

def test_config(monkeypatch):  
    monkeypatch.setenv("DB_URI", "sqlite:///:memory:")  
    assert get_config().db_uri == "sqlite:///:memory:"  

@pytest.mark.parametrize("a,b,expected", [  
    (1, 2, 3),  
    (-1, 1, 0)  
])  
def test_add(a, b, expected):  
    assert add(a, b) == expected  

def test_api_performance(benchmark):  
    result = benchmark(requests.get, "http://api/posts")  
    assert result.status_code == 200