025_钱包权限控制深度解析：从Revoke工具到2025年时限批准机制的安全实践指南

// 危险的无限授权示例
const approveUnlimited = async (tokenContract, spender, signer) => {
  // 使用最大uint256值作为授权额度
  const MAX_UINT256 = ethers.constants.MaxUint256;
  const tx = await tokenContract.connect(signer).approve(
    spender,          // 被授权地址
    MAX_UINT256       // 无限授权
  );
  return tx;
};

// Revoke工具核心功能实现示例
const revokeTokenApproval = async (tokenContract, spender, signer) => {
  // 将授权额度设置为0以撤销权限
  const tx = await tokenContract.connect(signer).approve(
    spender,  // 被授权地址
    0         // 撤销授权
  );
  return tx;
};

const checkAllowance = async (tokenContract, owner, spender) => {
  // 查询当前授权额度
  const allowance = await tokenContract.allowance(owner, spender);
  return allowance;
};

// 用户使用Revoke工具的交互流程示例
async function manageWalletPermissions() {
  // 1. 连接钱包
  const provider = new ethers.providers.Web3Provider(window.ethereum);
  await provider.send("eth_requestAccounts", []);
  const signer = provider.getSigner();
  const address = await signer.getAddress();
  
  // 2. 获取已授权列表 (这部分通常由Revoke.cash前端完成)
  const tokenContracts = await getTokenContractsForAddress(address);
  const approvals = [];
  
  for (const tokenContract of tokenContracts) {
    const spenderList = await getSpenderList(tokenContract.address);
    for (const spender of spenderList) {
      const allowance = await tokenContract.allowance(address, spender);
      if (allowance.gt(0)) {
        approvals.push({
          token: tokenContract.address,
          spender: spender,
          allowance: allowance,
          tokenName: await tokenContract.name()
        });
      }
    }
  }
  
  // 3. 撤销权限 (用户选择后执行)
  const revokeTx = await revokeTokenApproval(
    tokenContract,
    spenderAddress,
    signer
  );
  await revokeTx.wait();
  console.log("权限撤销成功!");
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.19;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Burnable.sol";

contract TimeBoundERC20 is ERC20Burnable {
    // 记录带时限的授权
    struct TimeBoundApproval {
        uint256 amount;
        uint256 expiry;
    }
    
    // 映射: 所有者 => 授权对象 => 时限授权信息
    mapping(address => mapping(address => TimeBoundApproval)) private _timeBoundApprovals;
    
    constructor(string memory name, string memory symbol) ERC20(name, symbol) {}
    
    // 设置带时限的授权
    function approveWithExpiry(
        address spender,
        uint256 amount,
        uint256 expiryTime
    ) public returns (bool) {
        require(expiryTime > block.timestamp, "Expiry time must be in the future");
        
        _timeBoundApprovals[msg.sender][spender] = TimeBoundApproval(amount, expiryTime);
        emit Approval(msg.sender, spender, amount);
        return true;
    }
    
    // 检查当前有效授权
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) public view override returns (uint256) {
        TimeBoundApproval storage approval = _timeBoundApprovals[owner][spender];
        
        // 如果授权已过期，返回0
        if (block.timestamp > approval.expiry) {
            return 0;
        }
        
        return approval.amount;
    }
    
    // 转移代币时验证授权
    function transferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) public override returns (bool) {
        // 检查时限授权是否有效
        require(allowance(from, msg.sender) >= amount, "ERC20: insufficient allowance");
        
        super._transfer(from, to, amount);
        
        // 减少授权额度
        _timeBoundApprovals[from][msg.sender].amount -= amount;
        return true;
    }
}

// 在DeFi交互中使用时限批准
async function safeDeFiInteraction(tokenContract, defiContract, amount, duration) {
  const signer = provider.getSigner();
  const address = await signer.getAddress();
  
  // 计算过期时间
  const expiryTime = Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000) + duration; // duration以秒为单位
  
  // 执行时限授权
  const approveTx = await tokenContract.connect(signer).approveWithExpiry(
    defiContract.address, 
    amount, 
    expiryTime
  );
  await approveTx.wait();
  
  // 执行DeFi操作
  // ...
  
  console.log(`已完成DeFi交互，授权将在${new Date(expiryTime * 1000).toLocaleString()}自动过期`);
}

// 权限审计与撤销自动化脚本
const ethers = require('ethers');
require('dotenv').config();

// 配置
const RPC_URL = process.env.RPC_URL || "https://mainnet.infura.io/v3/YOUR_API_KEY";
const PRIVATE_KEY = process.env.PRIVATE_KEY;
const DANGER_THRESHOLD = ethers.utils.parseEther("10"); // 10 ETH以上的授权视为高风险
const DAYS_INACTIVE_THRESHOLD = 30; // 30天未活动的授权视为过期

// ERC-20 ABI (简化版)
const ERC20_ABI = [
  "function name() view returns (string)",
  "function symbol() view returns (string)",
  "function decimals() view returns (uint8)",
  "function allowance(address owner, address spender) view returns (uint256)",
  "function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) returns (bool)"
];

// 已知代币列表 (可从公开API获取更多)
const KNOWN_TOKENS = [
  "0xA0b86991c6218b36c1d19D4a2e9Eb0cE3606eB48", // USDC
  "0xdAC17F958D2ee523a2206206994597C13D831ec7", // USDT
  "0x6B175474E89094C44Da98b954EedeAC495271d0F", // DAI
  "0x1f9840a85d5aF5bf1D1762F925BDADdC4201F984"  // UNI
];

async function main() {
  // 初始化提供者和钱包
  const provider = new ethers.providers.JsonRpcProvider(RPC_URL);
  const wallet = new ethers.Wallet(PRIVATE_KEY, provider);
  const address = wallet.address;
  console.log(`审计地址: ${address}`);
  
  // 审计结果存储
  const auditResults = {
    totalApprovals: 0,
    highRiskApprovals: [],
    expiredApprovals: [],
    safeApprovals: []
  };
  
  // 扫描已知代币的权限
  for (const tokenAddress of KNOWN_TOKENS) {
    try {
      const tokenContract = new ethers.Contract(tokenAddress, ERC20_ABI, provider);
      const tokenName = await tokenContract.name();
      const tokenSymbol = await tokenContract.symbol();
      
      console.log(`\n审计代币: ${tokenName} (${tokenSymbol})`);
      
      // 获取该代币的所有授权 (这里需要使用索引服务或扫描事件日志)
      const approvals = await getTokenApprovals(tokenAddress, address, provider);
      
      for (const approval of approvals) {
        auditResults.totalApprovals++;
        const spender = approval.spender;
        const amount = approval.amount;
        const lastActive = approval.lastActive;
        
        // 检查授权金额风险
        const isHighRisk = amount.gt(DANGER_THRESHOLD);
        
        // 检查活跃度
        const now = Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000);
        const daysInactive = (now - lastActive) / (60 * 60 * 24);
        const isExpired = daysInactive > DAYS_INACTIVE_THRESHOLD;
        
        // 分类存储结果
        if (isHighRisk) {
          auditResults.highRiskApprovals.push({
            token: tokenAddress,
            tokenSymbol,
            spender,
            amount: ethers.utils.formatEther(amount),
            reason: "高授权额度"
          });
        } else if (isExpired) {
          auditResults.expiredApprovals.push({
            token: tokenAddress,
            tokenSymbol,
            spender,
            amount: ethers.utils.formatEther(amount),
            daysInactive: Math.round(daysInactive),
            reason: "长期未活动"
          });
        } else {
          auditResults.safeApprovals.push({
            token: tokenAddress,
            tokenSymbol,
            spender,
            amount: ethers.utils.formatEther(amount)
          });
        }
      }
    } catch (error) {
      console.error(`处理代币 ${tokenAddress} 时出错:`, error.message);
    }
  }
  
  // 输出审计报告
  console.log("\n===== 权限审计报告 =====");
  console.log(`总授权数量: ${auditResults.totalApprovals}`);
  console.log(`高风险授权: ${auditResults.highRiskApprovals.length}`);
  console.log(`过期授权: ${auditResults.expiredApprovals.length}`);
  console.log(`安全授权: ${auditResults.safeApprovals.length}`);
  
  // 自动撤销高风险和过期授权
  const revokePromises = [];
  
  // 撤销高风险授权
  for (const approval of [...auditResults.highRiskApprovals, ...auditResults.expiredApprovals]) {
    try {
      const tokenContract = new ethers.Contract(approval.token, ERC20_ABI, wallet);
      console.log(`\n撤销 ${approval.tokenSymbol} 对 ${approval.spender} 的授权 (原因: ${approval.reason})`);
      
      const tx = await tokenContract.approve(approval.spender, 0);
      revokePromises.push(tx.wait());
      console.log(`交易提交: ${tx.hash}`);
    } catch (error) {
      console.error(`撤销授权失败:`, error.message);
    }
  }
  
  // 等待所有撤销交易完成
  if (revokePromises.length > 0) {
    await Promise.allSettled(revokePromises);
    console.log("\n所有撤销交易已处理完毕");
  }
  
  // 生成最终报告
  console.log("\n===== 权限管理完成报告 =====");
  console.log(`已处理 ${revokePromises.length} 个需要撤销的授权`);
  console.log(`剩余安全授权: ${auditResults.safeApprovals.length}`);
  console.log("\n建议定期执行此脚本以维护钱包安全");
}

// 获取代币授权列表的辅助函数
async function getTokenApprovals(tokenAddress, ownerAddress, provider) {
  // 这里应该调用索引服务或扫描区块链事件日志
  // 以下是一个简化的模拟实现
  
  // 实际实现应该使用以下方法之一:
  // 1. 调用The Graph等索引服务的API
  // 2. 使用Etherscan API查询授权历史
  // 3. 扫描Transfer事件日志以推断授权
  // 4. 使用开源的授权扫描工具
  
  // 简化模拟实现
  const mockApprovals = [
    // 模拟数据，实际应用中应替换为真实数据
  ];
  
  return mockApprovals;
}

main().catch(console.error);

// 企业级权限管理系统核心模块
class EnterprisePermissionManager {
  constructor(config) {
    this.config = config;
    this.provider = new ethers.providers.JsonRpcProvider(config.rpcUrl);
    this.wallet = new ethers.Wallet(config.privateKey, this.provider);
    this.dashboard = new PermissionDashboard();
    this.alertSystem = new AlertSystem(config.alertConfig);
    this.scheduler = new PermissionScheduler();
  }
  
  // 初始化系统
  async initialize() {
    console.log("初始化企业级权限管理系统...");
    await this.loadWalletInfo();
    await this.scanAllPermissions();
    this.setupMonitoring();
    this.scheduleAudits();
  }
  
  // 扫描所有钱包权限
  async scanAllPermissions() {
    console.log("扫描所有钱包权限...");
    // 实现多钱包、多链的权限扫描逻辑
  }
  
  // 设置实时监控
  setupMonitoring() {
    console.log("设置权限变更监控...");
    // 实现区块监听和事件订阅
  }
  
  // 调度定期审计
  scheduleAudits() {
    console.log("设置定期审计任务...");
    // 实现定时任务调度
  }
  
  // 生成合规报告
  async generateComplianceReport() {
    console.log("生成合规报告...");
    // 实现报告生成逻辑
  }
}

// 零知识授权概念实现
async function createZkAuthorization(userPrivateKey, permissions, expiryTime) {
  // 1. 创建权限承诺
  const permissionCommitment = await createCommitment(permissions);
  
  // 2. 生成零知识证明
  const zkProof = await generateZkProof({
    privateKey: userPrivateKey,
    permissions: permissions,
    commitment: permissionCommitment,
    expiryTime: expiryTime
  });
  
  // 3. 创建临时授权凭证
  const authorizationToken = {
    commitment: permissionCommitment,
    expiry: expiryTime,
    proof: zkProof,
    timestamp: Date.now()
  };
  
  return authorizationToken;
}

// 验证零知识授权
async function verifyZkAuthorization(authorizationToken, requestedAction) {
  // 1. 检查过期时间
  if (authorizationToken.expiry < Date.now() / 1000) {
    return { valid: false, reason: "Token expired" };
  }
  
  // 2. 验证零知识证明
  const proofValid = await verifyZkProof(authorizationToken.proof);
  if (!proofValid) {
    return { valid: false, reason: "Invalid proof" };
  }
  
  // 3. 验证权限范围
  const hasPermission = await checkPermission(authorizationToken.commitment, requestedAction);
  if (!hasPermission) {
    return { valid: false, reason: "Insufficient permissions" };
  }
  
  return { valid: true };
}

// AI驱动的权限异常检测系统
class AIPermissionMonitor {
  constructor() {
    this.model = new AnomalyDetectionModel();
    this.userProfiles = new Map();
    this.riskThreshold = 0.7; // 风险阈值
  }
  
  // 训练模型
  async trainModel(historicalData) {
    console.log("训练权限异常检测模型...");
    await this.model.train(historicalData);
  }
  
  // 更新用户行为档案
  updateUserProfile(userId, action) {
    if (!this.userProfiles.has(userId)) {
      this.userProfiles.set(userId, []);
    }
    this.userProfiles.get(userId).push(action);
  }
  
  // 检测异常授权
  async detectAnomaly(userId, authorizationRequest) {
    // 获取用户历史行为
    const userHistory = this.userProfiles.get(userId) || [];
    
    // 提取特征
    const features = this.extractFeatures(userId, authorizationRequest, userHistory);
    
    // 预测风险
    const riskScore = await this.model.predict(features);
    
    // 判断是否异常
    const isAnomaly = riskScore > this.riskThreshold;
    
    return {
      isAnomaly,
      riskScore,
      details: isAnomaly ? this.generateAnomalyDetails(features, riskScore) : null
    };
  }
  
  // 提取特征
  extractFeatures(userId, request, history) {
    // 实现特征提取逻辑
    return {
      // 特征向量
    };
  }
}

// 推荐的权限请求模式
function requestApproval(address user, uint256 amount) public {
    // 1. 提供明确的权限说明
    emit ApprovalRequested(user, amount, "交易所需的精确金额");
    
    // 2. 提供可选的时限参数
    // 在前端实现中提供时限选项
    
    // 3. 避免请求无限授权
    require(amount > 0 && amount < type(uint256).max, "Use exact amount");
    
    // 4. 提供权限状态查询
    // 在前端实现中展示当前授权状态
}

mkdir permission-audit\ ncd permission-audit
npm init -y
npm install ethers dotenv

RPC_URL=https://mainnet.infura.io/v3/YOUR_INFURA_KEY
PRIVATE_KEY=YOUR_PRIVATE_KEY

# 运行审计脚本
node audit.js

# 设置定时任务
# 在Linux/Mac上使用crontab
# 0 0 * * 0 node /path/to/permission-audit/audit.js >> /path/to/log.txt 2>&1