n8n 可视化自动化工作流平台：拖拽式工作流的无代码革命

# 基本部署
docker run -it --rm \n  --name n8n \n  -p 5678:5678 \n  -v ~/.n8n:/home/node/.n8n \n  n8nio/n8n

# 带PostgreSQL数据库的部署
docker run -it --rm \n  --name n8n \n  -p 5678:5678 \n  -v ~/.n8n:/home/node/.n8n \n  -e DB_TYPE=postgresdb \n  -e DB_POSTGRESDB_HOST=postgres \n  -e DB_POSTGRESDB_PORT=5432 \n  -e DB_POSTGRESDB_DATABASE=n8n \n  -e DB_POSTGRESDB_USER=postgres \n  -e DB_POSTGRESDB_PASSWORD=password \n  n8nio/n8n

# 使用Docker Compose部署
cat > docker-compose.yml << EOF
version: '3.8'
services:
  postgres:
    image: postgres:13
    restart: always
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_USER=postgres
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=password
      - POSTGRES_DB=n8n
    volumes:
      - postgres_data:/var/lib/postgresql/data

  n8n:
    image: n8nio/n8n
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "5678:5678"
    environment:
      - DB_TYPE=postgresdb
      - DB_POSTGRESDB_HOST=postgres
      - DB_POSTGRESDB_PORT=5432
      - DB_POSTGRESDB_DATABASE=n8n
      - DB_POSTGRESDB_USER=postgres
      - DB_POSTGRESDB_PASSWORD=password
      - N8N_PROTOCOL=https
      - N8N_HOST=your-domain.com
      - WEBHOOK_URL=https://your-domain.com/
    volumes:
      - n8n_data:/home/node/.n8n
    depends_on:
      - postgres

volumes:
  postgres_data:
  n8n_data:
EOF

# 启动服务
docker-compose up -d

# 全局安装npm install -g n8n

# 启动n8n
n8n start

# 克隆仓库
git clone https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n.git
cd n8n

# 安装依赖
npm install

# 构建项目
npm run build

# 启动n8n
npm start

# n8n环境变量配置示例

# 基本配置
export N8N_PORT=5678
export N8N_HOST=0.0.0.0
export N8N_PROTOCOL=http
export WEBHOOK_URL=http://localhost:5678/

# 数据库配置
export DB_TYPE=postgresdb
export DB_POSTGRESDB_HOST=localhost
export DB_POSTGRESDB_PORT=5432
export DB_POSTGRESDB_DATABASE=n8n
export DB_POSTGRESDB_USER=postgres
export DB_POSTGRESDB_PASSWORD=password

# 安全配置
export N8N_ENCRYPTION_KEY=your-encryption-key
export N8N_BASIC_AUTH_ACTIVE=true
export N8N_BASIC_AUTH_USER=admin
export N8N_BASIC_AUTH_PASSWORD=password

# 邮件配置
export N8N_SMTP_HOST=smtp.gmail.com
export N8N_SMTP_PORT=587
export N8N_SMTP_USER=your-email@gmail.com
export N8N_SMTP_PASS=your-password
export N8N_SMTP_SSL=false
export N8N_SMTP_SENDername=n8n

# 启动n8n
n8n start

flowchart TD
    A[GitHub触发器] --> B[过滤Issue]
    B --> C[格式化消息]
    C --> D[Slack发送消息]
    
    subgraph 工作流：GitHub Issue通知
    A
    B
    C
    D
    end

{
  "operation": "triggerIssue",
  "repo": "your-username/your-repo",
  "events": ["opened"],
  "credentials": "github_credentials"
}

{
  "operation": "filter",
  "conditions": [
    {
      "value1": "={{$json['title']}}",
      "operation": "contains",
      "value2": "bug"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "operation": "set",
  "values": {
    "mode": "setAll",
    "values": {
      "channel": "#github-issues",
      "text": "={{'新Bug Issue: ' + $json['title'] + '\\nURL: ' + $json['html_url']}}"
    }
  }
}

{
  "operation": "post",
  "channel": "={{$json['channel']}}",
  "text": "={{$json['text']}}",
  "credentials": "slack_credentials"
}

// custom-node.js

const { Node, NodeOperationError } = require('n8n-workflow');

class MyCustomNode extends Node {
  constructor() {
    super();
    this.description = {
      displayName: 'My Custom Node',
      name: 'myCustomNode',
      icon: 'file:myIcon.svg',
      group: ['transform'],
      version: 1,
      description: '我的自定义节点',
      defaults: {
        name: 'My Custom Node',
      },
      inputs: ['main'],
      outputs: ['main'],
      properties: [
        {
          displayName: '操作',
          name: 'operation',
          type: 'options',
          options: [
            { name: '转换为大写', value: 'toUpperCase' },
            { name: '转换为小写', value: 'toLowerCase' },
          ],
          default: 'toUpperCase',
          description: '选择要执行的操作',
        },
        {
          displayName: '字段',
          name: 'field',
          type: 'string',
          default: 'text',
          description: '要操作的字段名称',
        },
      ],
    };
  }

  async execute() {
    const items = this.getInputData();
    const operation = this.getNodeParameter('operation', 0);
    const field = this.getNodeParameter('field', 0);

    const returnData = [];

    for (let item of items) {
      try {
        if (operation === 'toUpperCase') {
          item.json[field] = item.json[field].toUpperCase();
        } else if (operation === 'toLowerCase') {
          item.json[field] = item.json[field].toLowerCase();
        }

        returnData.push(item);
      } catch (error) {
        throw new NodeOperationError(this.getNode(), error.message);
      }
    }

    return this.prepareOutputData(returnData);
  }
}

module.exports = { nodeClass: MyCustomNode };

flowchart TD
    A[Webhook触发器] --> B[解析表单数据]
    B --> C[验证数据]
    C --> D{数据有效?}
    D -->|是| E[存储到PostgreSQL]
    D -->|否| F[发送错误通知]
    E --> G[发送确认邮件]
    E --> H[记录日志]
    F --> H
    
    subgraph 工作流：表单处理自动化
    A
    B
    C
    D
    E
    F
    G
    H
    end

// 自定义节点开发核心组件
const { Node, NodeOperationError } = require('n8n-workflow');
const { Credentials } = require('n8n-core');

class MyNode extends Node {
  constructor() {
    super();
    // 节点描述配置
  }

  async execute() {
    // 节点执行逻辑
  }
}

class MyCredentials extends Credentials {
  constructor() {
    super();
    // 凭证配置
  }
}

#!/bin/bash

# n8n性能测试脚本

# 测试工作流ID
WORKFLOW_ID="12345678-1234-1234-1234-123456789012"

# 测试次数
TEST_COUNT=100

# 结果文件
RESULT_FILE="performance_test_results.csv"

# 初始化结果文件
echo "测试次数,执行时间(ms),内存占用(MB),CPU使用率(%)" > $RESULT_FILE

for ((i=1; i<=TEST_COUNT; i++)); do
    echo "测试 $i/$TEST_COUNT..."
    
    # 启动工作流执行
    start_time=$(date +%s%3N)
    
    # 调用n8n API执行工作流
    response=$(curl -X POST "http://localhost:5678/rest/workflows/$WORKFLOW_ID/trigger" \
        -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
        -d '{"dryRun": false}' \
        --silent)
    
    end_time=$(date +%s%3N)
    execution_time=$((end_time - start_time))
    
    # 获取系统资源使用情况
    memory_usage=$(free -m | grep Mem | awk '{print $3}')
    cpu_usage=$(top -bn1 | grep "Cpu(s)" | awk '{print $2 + $4}')
    
    # 保存结果
    echo "$i,$execution_time,$memory_usage,$cpu_usage" >> $RESULT_FILE
    
    echo "  执行时间: $execution_time ms"
    echo "  内存占用: $memory_usage MB"
    echo "  CPU使用率: $cpu_usage%"
    
    # 等待1秒
    sleep 1
done

echo "性能测试完成，结果已保存到 $RESULT_FILE"