使用列表中的if、else语句创建新列

numbers = [1, -2, 3, -4, 5]
new_column = [True if x > 0 else False for x in numbers]
print(new_column)  # 输出: [True, False, True, False, True]

grades = [85, 92, 78, 65, 45, 30]
new_column = ['优秀' if x >= 90 else '良好' if x >= 80 else '及格' if x >= 60 else '不及格' for x in grades]
print(new_column)  # 输出: ['良好', '优秀', '良好', '及格', '不及格', '不及格']

grade_mapping = {
    (90, 100): '优秀',
    (80, 89): '良好',
    (60, 79): '及格',
    (0, 59): '不及格'
}

def get_grade(score):
    for (low, high), grade in grade_mapping.items():
        if low <= score <= high:
            return grade

grades = [85, 92, 78, 65, 45, 30]
new_column = [get_grade(x) for x in grades]
print(new_column)  # 输出: ['良好', '优秀', '良好', '及格', '不及格', '不及格']

numbers = range(10**7)
new_column = (True if x > 0 else False for x in numbers)  # 使用生成器表达式