在片段中创建NavigationDrawer，而不是Activity

<androidx.drawerlayout.widget.DrawerLayout
    android:id="@+id/drawer_layout"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <!-- 主要内容区域 -->
    <FrameLayout
        android:id="@+id/content_frame"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" />

    <!-- 侧边栏菜单 -->
    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/drawer_list"
        android:layout_width="240dp"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_gravity="start" />

</androidx.drawerlayout.widget.DrawerLayout>

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private DrawerLayout drawerLayout;
    private ListView drawerList;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        drawerLayout = findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
        drawerList = findViewById(R.id.drawer_list);

        // 设置侧边栏菜单项的点击事件
        drawerList.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
                // 处理菜单项的点击事件
                // 根据点击的位置执行相应的操作
            }
        });

        // 设置导航按钮的点击事件
        ActionBarDrawerToggle toggle = new ActionBarDrawerToggle(
                this, drawerLayout, R.string.navigation_drawer_open, R.string.navigation_drawer_close);
        drawerLayout.addDrawerListener(toggle);
        toggle.syncState();
    }

    // 其他Activity逻辑...

}

public class DrawerListAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<String> {

    public DrawerListAdapter(Context context, List<String> items) {
        super(context, 0, items);
    }

    @NonNull
    @Override
    public View getView(int position, @Nullable View convertView, @NonNull ViewGroup parent) {
        if (convertView == null) {
            convertView = LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(R.layout.drawer_list_item, parent, false);
        }

        // 设置菜单项的文本
        TextView textView = convertView.findViewById(R.id.text_view);
        textView.setText(getItem(position));

        return convertView;
    }
}