在Android上向PHP/MySQL后端发送和检索(可能是大量)数据的最佳方式是什么？

// 使用Retrofit2 + OkHttp3示例
interface ApiService {
    @POST("api/endpoint")
    suspend fun sendData(@Body data: DataModel): Response<BaseResponse>
}

// 构建OkHttpClient
val okHttpClient = OkHttpClient.Builder()
    .connectTimeout(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
    .writeTimeout(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
    .addInterceptor(ChuckerInterceptor(context))
    .build()

// 分页发送大数据示例
suspend fun sendLargeData(dataList: List<DataModel>) {
    val batchSize = 50
    dataList.chunked(batchSize).forEach { batch ->
        val response = Retrofit.Builder()
            .baseUrl(BASE_URL)
            .client(okHttpClient)
            .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
            .build()
            .create(ApiService::class.java)
            .sendData(batch)
        
        if (!response.isSuccessful) {
            throw IOException("Network error")
        }
    }
}

// 分页加载示例
data class PaginationParams(
    val page: Int,
    val pageSize: Int,
    val lastId: String? = null
)

// 使用协程实现分页加载
viewModelScope.launch {
    try {
        var currentPage = 1
        val pageSize = 20
        var hasMore = true
        
        while (hasMore) {
            val response = apiService.getPaginatedData(
                PaginationParams(currentPage, pageSize)
            )
            
            if (response.isSuccessful) {
                val data = response.body()?.data ?: emptyList()
                if (data.size < pageSize) hasMore = false
                currentPage++
                // 更新UI
            } else {
                // 处理错误
            }
        }
    } catch (e: Exception) {
        // 异常处理
    }
}

// 分页查询示例
$page = $_GET['page'] ?? 1;
$pageSize = 20;
$offset = ($page - 1) * $pageSize;

$stmt = $pdo->prepare("SELECT * FROM large_table LIMIT :offset, :limit");
$stmt->bindValue(':offset', (int)$offset, PDO::PARAM_INT);
$stmt->bindValue(':limit', (int)$pageSize, PDO::PARAM_INT);
$stmt->execute();

<IfModule mod_deflate.c>
  AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/json
</IfModule>

// Room数据库缓存示例
@Dao
interface DataDao {
    @Insert(onConflict = OnConflictStrategy.REPLACE)
    suspend fun insertAll(data: List<DataEntity>)
    
    @Query("SELECT * FROM data WHERE timestamp > :lastSync")
    suspend fun getNewData(lastSync: Long): List<DataEntity>
}

// PHP端输入验证
$input = filter_input_array(INPUT_POST, [
    'username' => FILTER_SANITIZE_STRING,
    'password' => FILTER_SANITIZE_STRING
]);

// 使用预处理语句防止SQL注入
$stmt = $pdo->prepare("INSERT INTO users (username, password) VALUES (?, ?)");
$stmt->execute([$input['username'], password_hash($input['password'], PASSWORD_DEFAULT)]);

// 证书锁定示例
val certificatePinner = CertificatePinner.Builder()
    .add("example.com", "sha256/AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA=")
    .build()

val okHttpClient = OkHttpClient.Builder()
    .certificatePinner(certificatePinner)
    .build()

Android客户端 → HTTPS → API网关 → PHP-FPM → MySQL主从
                    ↑
                Redis缓存层