在Mongoose中从其他文档的引用检索文档的快速方法(Node.js)

const mongoose = require('mongoose');

// 定义模式和模型
const userSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
  name: String,
  posts: [{ type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId, ref: 'Post' }]
});

const postSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
  title: String,
  content: String
});

const User = mongoose.model('User', userSchema);
const Post = mongoose.model('Post', postSchema);

// 创建用户和帖子
const user = new User({ name: 'John' });
const post1 = new Post({ title: 'Post 1', content: 'Content 1' });
const post2 = new Post({ title: 'Post 2', content: 'Content 2' });

// 将帖子与用户关联
user.posts.push(post1);
user.posts.push(post2);

// 保存用户和帖子
user.save()
  .then(() => post1.save())
  .then(() => post2.save())
  .then(() => {
    // 从其他文档的引用检索文档
    return User.findOne({ name: 'John' }).populate('posts');
  })
  .then((user) => {
    console.log(user);
    // 输出：
    // {
    //   _id: 5f9e3e7e1c7a1e2e3c4d5e6f,
    //   name: 'John',
    //   posts: [
    //     { _id: 5f9e3e7e1c7a1e2e3c4d5e70, title: 'Post 1', content: 'Content 1' },
    //     { _id: 5f9e3e7e1c7a1e2e3c4d5e71, title: 'Post 2', content: 'Content 2' }
    //   ]
    // }
  })
  .catch((error) => {
    console.error(error);
  });