在TypeScript中按名称设置对象的属性，而不会丢失静态类型

interface DynamicObject {
  [key: string]: any; // 或者指定一个更具体的类型，如 number | string
}

const obj: DynamicObject = {};
obj["name"] = "Alice"; // 正确
obj["age"] = 30;       // 正确

interface Person {
  name: string;
  age: number;
}

const person: Partial<Person> = {};
(person as Person)["name"] = "Alice"; // 正确
(person as Person)["age"] = 30;       // 正确

interface Person {
  name: string;
  age: number;
}

function setProperty<T, K extends keyof T>(obj: T, key: K, value: T[K]): void {
  obj[key] = value;
}

const person: Person = { name: "", age: 0 };
setProperty(person, "name", "Alice"); // 正确
setProperty(person, "age", 30);       // 正确