如何使用numpy替换数组中的字符？

import numpy as np

arr = np.array(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'])

replace_rules = {'a': 'x', 'b': 'y'}

replace_func = np.vectorize(lambda x: replace_rules.get(x, x))
new_arr = replace_func(arr)

print(new_arr)

import numpy as np

arr = np.array(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'])
replace_rules = {'a': 'x', 'b': 'y'}
replace_func = np.vectorize(lambda x: replace_rules.get(x, x))
new_arr = replace_func(arr)
print(new_arr)