如何在Swift中使用Codable时保持灵活的结构

struct AnyCodable: Codable {
    private let value: Any
    
    init(_ value: Any) {
        self.value = value
    }
    
    func encode(to encoder: Encoder) throws {
        var container = encoder.singleValueContainer()
        try container.encode(value)
    }
    
    init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
        let container = try decoder.singleValueContainer()
        if let intValue = try? container.decode(Int.self) {
            value = intValue
        } else if let doubleValue = try? container.decode(Double.self) {
            value = doubleValue
        } else if let stringValue = try? container.decode(String.self) {
            value = stringValue
        } else if let boolValue = try? container.decode(Bool.self) {
            value = boolValue
        } else {
            throw DecodingError.dataCorruptedError(in: container, debugDescription: "Unsupported type")
        }
    }
}

struct Person: Codable {
    let name: String
    let age: Int
    let data: AnyCodable
}

let person = Person(name: "John", age: 30, data: AnyCodable(["hobbies": ["reading", "swimming"]]))
let encoder = JSONEncoder()
encoder.outputFormatting = .prettyPrinted

if let jsonData = try? encoder.encode(person),
   let jsonString = String(data: jsonData, encoding: .utf8) {
    print(jsonString)
}

{
  "name" : "John",
  "age" : 30,
  "data" : {
    "hobbies" : [
      "reading",
      "swimming"
    ]
  }
}

let jsonString = """
{
  "name" : "John",
  "age" : 30,
  "data" : {
    "hobbies" : [
      "reading",
      "swimming"
    ]
  }
}
"""

let decoder = JSONDecoder()
if let jsonData = jsonString.data(using: .utf8),
   let decodedPerson = try? decoder.decode(Person.self, from: jsonData) {
    print(decodedPerson)
}

Person(name: "John", age: 30, data: AnyCodable(["hobbies": ["reading", "swimming"]]))