如何在nodejs中访问.then作用域之外的变量

let externalVariable;
asyncFunction()
  .then(result => {
    // 外部变量赋值
    externalVariable = result;
    return anotherAsyncFunction(result);
  })
  .then(anotherResult => {
    // 可以访问外部变量
    console.log(externalVariable);
    console.log(anotherResult);
  })
  .catch(error => {
    console.error(error);
  });

async function accessExternalVariable() {
  let externalVariable;
  try {
    const result = await asyncFunction();
    // 外部变量赋值
    externalVariable = result;
    const anotherResult = await anotherAsyncFunction(result);
    // 可以访问外部变量
    console.log(externalVariable);
    console.log(anotherResult);
  } catch (error) {
    console.error(error);
  }
}

accessExternalVariable();

let externalVariable;
asyncFunction()
  .then(result => {
    // 外部变量赋值
    externalVariable = result;
    return anotherAsyncFunction(result);
  })
  .then(anotherResult => {
    // 可以访问外部变量
    console.log(externalVariable);
    console.log(anotherResult);
  })
  .catch(error => {
    console.error(error);
  });

function asyncFunction() {
  return new Promise(resolve => {
    setTimeout(() => {
      resolve('Async Result');
    }, 1000);
  });
}

function anotherAsyncFunction(value) {
  return new Promise(resolve => {
    setTimeout(() => {
      resolve(`Another Async Result: ${value}`);
    }, 1000);
  });
}