如何在python中不使用global

def modify_variable(variable):
    variable += 1
    return variable

my_variable = 10
my_variable = modify_variable(my_variable)
print(my_variable)  # 输出 11

class MyClass:
    def __init__(self):
        self.variable = 10
    
    def modify_variable(self):
        self.variable += 1

my_object = MyClass()
my_object.modify_variable()
print(my_object.variable)  # 输出 11

def outer_function():
    variable = 10
    
    def inner_function():
        nonlocal variable
        variable += 1
    
    return inner_function

my_function = outer_function()
my_function()
print(my_function.__closure__[0].cell_contents)  # 输出 11