如何提取数组中的元素并将其插入到另一个数组中，同时保持其原始索引

function extractAndInsertElements(sourceArray, targetArray) {
  var extractedElements = [];
  var indexes = {};

  for (var i = 0; i < sourceArray.length; i++) {
    var element = sourceArray[i];
    extractedElements.push(element);
    indexes[element] = i;
  }

  for (var j = 0; j < sourceArray.length; j++) {
    var index = indexes[sourceArray[j]];
    if (targetArray.length === 0) {
      targetArray.push(sourceArray[j]);
    } else {
      var inserted = false;
      for (var k = 0; k < targetArray.length; k++) {
        if (index < indexes[targetArray[k]]) {
          targetArray.splice(k, 0, sourceArray[j]);
          inserted = true;
          break;
        }
      }
      if (!inserted) {
        targetArray.push(sourceArray[j]);
      }
    }
  }

  return extractedElements;
}

var source = [4, 2, 6, 1];
var target = [5, 3];

var extracted = extractAndInsertElements(source, target);

console.log("Extracted elements: ", extracted);
console.log("Target array with inserted elements: ", target);