将基类指针强制转换为派生类(引用)

#include <iostream>

class Base {
public:
    virtual void print() {
        std::cout << "This is the base class." << std::endl;
    }
};

class Derived : public Base {
public:
    void print() override {
        std::cout << "This is the derived class." << std::endl;
    }

    void derivedMethod() {
        std::cout << "This is a method specific to the derived class." << std::endl;
    }
};

int main() {
    Base* basePtr = new Derived();
    Derived& derivedRef = dynamic_cast<Derived&>(*basePtr);
    derivedRef.print(); // Output: "This is the derived class."
    derivedRef.derivedMethod(); // Output: "This is a method specific to the derived class."

    delete basePtr;
    return 0;
}