扩展`Error`的结果是“只引用一个类型，但这里用作一个值”

class CustomError extends Error {
    constructor(message: string) {
        super(message);
        this.name = 'CustomError';
        Object.setPrototypeOf(this, CustomError.prototype);
    }
}

const err = new CustomError('This is a custom error');
console.error(err);

const err = new Error('This is an error') as CustomError;

class CustomError extends Error {
    constructor(message: string) {
        super(message);
        this.name = 'CustomError';
        Object.setPrototypeOf(this, CustomError.prototype);
    }
}

try {
    throw new CustomError('This is a custom error');
} catch (e) {
    if (e instanceof CustomError) {
        console.error(`Caught a custom error: ${e.message}`);
    } else {
        console.error(`Caught an unknown error: ${e.message}`);
    }
}