根据创建的实例的静态类型调用不同的构造函数

class Animal:
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name

    @classmethod
    def create(cls, animal_type, name):
        if animal_type == 'Dog':
            return Dog(name)
        elif animal_type == 'Cat':
            return Cat(name)
        else:
            raise ValueError("Unknown animal type")

class Dog(Animal):
    def __init__(self, name):
        super().__init__(name)
        print(f"Creating a dog named {name}")

class Cat(Animal):
    def __init__(self, name):
        super().__init__(name)
        print(f"Creating a cat named {name}")

# 使用示例
dog = Animal.create('Dog', 'Buddy')
cat = Animal.create('Cat', 'Whiskers')