用于创建python服务器和客户端的python库，这些服务器和客户端也可以在本地python类型的端口上处理数据传输

在 Python 中，有多种库可以用于创建服务器和客户端，以便在本地端口上处理数据传输。以下是一些常用的库和示例代码：

1. `socket` 库

socket 库是 Python 标准库的一部分，用于低级别的网络通信。它可以用于创建 TCP 和 UDP 服务器和客户端。

示例：TCP 服务器和客户端

服务器代码：

import socket

def start_server(host='127.0.0.1', port=65432):
    with socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) as s:
        s.bind((host, port))
        s.listen()
        print(f'Server listening on {host}:{port}')
        conn, addr = s.accept()
        with conn:
            print(f'Connected by {addr}')
            while True:
                data = conn.recv(1024)
                if not data:
                    break
                print(f'Received: {data.decode()}')
                conn.sendall(data)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    start_server()

客户端代码：

import socket

def start_client(host='127.0.0.1', port=65432):
    with socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) as s:
        s.connect((host, port))
        s.sendall(b'Hello, server')
        data = s.recv(1024)
        print(f'Received: {data.decode()}')

if __name__ == "__main__":
    start_client()

2. `asyncio` 库

asyncio 库用于编写异步网络代码。它可以用于创建高效的异步服务器和客户端。

示例：异步 TCP 服务器和客户端

服务器代码：

import asyncio

async def handle_client(reader, writer):
    addr = writer.get_extra_info('peername')
    print(f'Connected by {addr}')
    while True:
        data = await reader.read(100)
        if not data:
            break
        print(f'Received: {data.decode()}')
        writer.write(data)
        await writer.drain()
    writer.close()
    await writer.wait_closed()

async def start_server(host='127.0.0.1', port=65432):
    server = await asyncio.start_server(handle_client, host, port)
    addr = server.sockets[0].getsockname()
    print(f'Server listening on {addr}')
    async with server:
        await server.serve_forever()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    asyncio.run(start_server())

客户端代码：

import asyncio

async def start_client(host='127.0.0.1', port=65432):
    reader, writer = await asyncio.open_connection(host, port)
    writer.write(b'Hello, server')
    await writer.drain()
    data = await reader.read(100)
    print(f'Received: {data.decode()}')
    writer.close()
    await writer.wait_closed()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    asyncio.run(start_client())

3. `http.server` 和 `requests` 库

如果您需要处理 HTTP 请求，可以使用 http.server 库创建一个简单的 HTTP 服务器，并使用 requests 库创建客户端。

示例：HTTP 服务器和客户端

服务器代码：

from http.server import BaseHTTPRequestHandler, HTTPServer

class SimpleHTTPRequestHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
    def do_GET(self):
        self.send_response(200)
        self.send_header('Content-type', 'text/plain')
        self.end_headers()
        self.wfile.write(b'Hello, client')

def start_server(host='127.0.0.1', port=8000):
    server = HTTPServer((host, port), SimpleHTTPRequestHandler)
    print(f'Server listening on {host}:{port}')
    server.serve_forever()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    start_server()

客户端代码：

import requests

def start_client(url='http://127.0.0.1:8000'):
    response = requests.get(url)
    print(f'Received: {response.text}')

if __name__ == "__main__":
    start_client()