js如何判断变量的类型的

console.log(typeof 42); // "number"
console.log(typeof 'Hello'); // "string"
console.log(typeof true); // "boolean"
console.log(typeof undefined); // "undefined"
console.log(typeof null); // "object"（这是一个历史遗留问题）
console.log(typeof {}); // "object"
console.log(typeof []); // "object"
console.log(typeof function() {}); // "function"

console.log([] instanceof Array); // true
console.log({} instanceof Object); // true
console.log('Hello' instanceof String); // false（基本类型不是实例）
console.log(new String('Hello') instanceof String); // true（包装对象）

console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(42)); // "[object Number]"
console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call('Hello')); // "[object String]"
console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(true)); // "[object Boolean]"
console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(undefined)); // "[object Undefined]"
console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(null)); // "[object Null]"
console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call({})); // "[object Object]"
console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call([])); // "[object Array]"
console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(function() {})); // "[object Function]"

function getType(value) {
    if (value === null) return 'null';
    if (Array.isArray(value)) return 'array';
    return typeof value;
}

console.log(getType(42)); // "number"
console.log(getType('Hello')); // "string"
console.log(getType(true)); // "boolean"
console.log(getType(undefined)); // "undefined"
console.log(getType(null)); // "null"
console.log(getType({})); // "object"
console.log(getType([])); // "array"
console.log(getType(function() {})); // "function"