MOOC Notes：Introduction to CS and Programming Using Python

Computer

calculation

build-in

ones you define

storage

Algorithm

steps

flow of control

when to stop

Machine Architecture

memory

Arithmetic Logic Unit, Control Unit

input, output

Fixed Program Computer

compute one computation

Stored Program Computer

instructions stored

special program (interpreter) executes each instruction

Turing Complete

all problems can be computed with only 6 primitives

a Turing machine can simulate any other Turing machine

a Turing-complete language can write anything computable like any other language

Programming Language

syntax

static semantics

semantics

Python

data objects

type

scalar objects

integers

real numbers

Boolean

apecial

output

print

return

input

input

IDE

text editor

shell

integrated debugger

control flow

while loops

for loops

break

iteration

guess & check

recursion

structured types

Tuple

List

Dictionary

testing classes

unit testing

regression testing

integration testing

testing approachs

intuition

random testing

black box testing

glass box testing

runtime bugs

overt, covert

persistent, intermittent

debugging tools

built in

print

exception

fail silently

return incorrect value

signal error

assertion

execution halts

check inputs

check outputs

object oriented programming

Object (built-in types or your own types)

Class

methods

why? bundle together objects, abstract definition and usage

inheritance

Generator

algorithm complexity

Big Oh (order of growth)

classes: O(1), O(log n), O(n), O(n log n), O(n^c), O(c^n)

algorithm

searching

linear search: O(n)

binary search: O(log n)

sorting

bogo sort: unbounded O()

bubble sort: O(n^2)

selection sort: O(n^2)

merge sort: O(n log n)

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封面图：来自 Unsplash 的Natalie Perea/ Photo byNatalie Pereaon Unsplash

So, Sing Along

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