在Micronaut和Kotlin的Gradle项目中,分离单元测试和集成测试可以通过配置不同的测试任务来实现。以下是详细的步骤和示例代码:
首先,确保你的build.gradle.kts
文件中包含了必要的依赖项和插件。以下是一个基本的配置示例:
plugins {
id("org.jetbrains.kotlin.jvm") version "1.5.31"
id("org.jetbrains.kotlin.kapt") version "1.5.31"
id("org.jetbrains.kotlin.plugin.allopen") version "1.5.31"
id("com.github.johnrengelman.shadow") version "7.1.0"
id("io.micronaut.application") version "2.0.6"
}
repositories {
mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
implementation("io.micronaut:micronaut-runtime")
implementation("io.micronaut.kotlin:micronaut-kotlin-runtime")
implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk8")
implementation("ch.qos.logback:logback-classic")
testImplementation("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-api")
testRuntimeOnly("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jubernetes")
testImplementation("org.mockito:mockito-core:3.12.4")
integrationTestImplementation("io.micronaut.test:micronaut-test-junit5")
integrationTestImplementation("org.testcontainers:junit-jupiter:1.15.3")
}
application {
mainClass.set("com.example.ApplicationKt")
}
tasks.test {
useJUnitPlatform()
testLogging {
events("passed", "skipped", "failed")
}
}
tasks.named<Test>("test") {
exclude("**/*IntegrationTest.*")
}
tasks.register<Test>("integrationTest") {
useJUnitPlatform()
testLogging {
events("passed", "skipped", "failed")
}
include("**/*IntegrationTest.*")
systemProperty("micronaut.io.watch.restart", "false")
}
创建一个单元测试类,通常放在src/test/kotlin
目录下:
package com.example
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
import org.mockito.Mockito.`when`
import org.mockito.Mockito.mock
class ExampleServiceTest {
@Test
fun `should return the correct value`() {
val mockRepository = mock(ExampleRepository::class.java)
`when`(mockRepository.findById(1)).thenReturn(ExampleEntity(1, "test"))
val service = ExampleService(mockRepository)
val result = service.findEntityById(1)
assert(result.id == 1)
assert(result.name == "test")
}
}
创建一个集成测试类,通常放在src/integrationTest/kotlin
目录下:
package com.example
import io.micronaut.test.extensions.kotlin.annotation.MicronautTest
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
import javax.inject.Inject
@MicronautTest
class ExampleControllerIntegrationTest {
@Inject
lateinit var controller: ExampleController
@Test
fun `should return the correct response`() {
val result = controller.exampleEndpoint()
assert(result == "expected response")
}
}
你可以分别运行单元测试和集成测试:
./gradlew test
./gradlew integrationTest
为了确保集成测试能够访问外部资源(如数据库、消息队列等),可以在src/integrationTest/resources
目录下创建特定的配置文件,例如application.yml
:
micronaut:
application:
name: example
server:
port: 8081
datasource:
url: jdbc:h2:mem:test;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1;DB_CLOSE_ON_EXIT=FALSE
username: sa
password: ""
通过上述步骤,你可以在Micronaut和Kotlin的Gradle项目中成功分离单元测试和集成测试。单元测试主要用于验证单个组件或服务的功能,而集成测试则用于验证多个组件或服务之间的交互。这种分离有助于提高测试的效率和可靠性。
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