如何在可编码的Swift中处理任何类型的数据

protocol Printable {
    func printDescription() -> String
}

struct Container<T: Printable> {
    var value: T
    
    func printValue() {
        print(value.printDescription())
    }
}

struct Person: Printable {
    let name: String
    
    func printDescription() -> String {
        return "Person: \(name)"
    }
}

struct Car: Printable {
    let model: String
    
    func printDescription() -> String {
        return "Car: \(model)"
    }
}

let personContainer = Container(value: Person(name: "Alice"))
let carContainer = Container(value: Car(model: "Tesla"))

personContainer.printValue() // 输出: Person: Alice
carContainer.printValue()    // 输出: Car: Tesla

func printAnything<T: Printable>(_ item: T) {
    print(item.printDescription())
}

printAnything(Person(name: "Bob")) // 输出: Person: Bob
printAnything(Car(model: "BMW"))   // 输出: Car: BMW

let unknownContainer: Container<Int> = Container(value: 42) // 编译错误，因为Int没有实现Printable协议