如何在url中存储变量

https://example.com/page?userId=123

const baseUrl = 'https://example.com/page';
const params = new URLSearchParams({ userId: '123' });
const url = `${baseUrl}?${params.toString()}`;
console.log(url); // 输出: https://example.com/page?userId=123

from urllib.parse import urlencode

base_url = 'https://example.com/page'
params = {'userId': '123'}
url = f"{base_url}?{urlencode(params)}"
print(url)  # 输出: https://example.com/page?userId=123

$baseUrl = 'https://example.com/page';
$params = ['userId' => '123'];
$url = $baseUrl . '?' . http_build_query($params);
echo $url;  // 输出: https://example.com/page?userId=123

const url = new URL('https://example.com/page?userId=123');
const userId = url.searchParams.get('userId');
console.log(userId); // 输出: 123

from urllib.parse import urlparse, parse_qs

url = 'https://example.com/page?userId=123'
parsed_url = urlparse(url)
params = parse_qs(parsed_url.query)
userId = params['userId'][0]
print(userId)  # 输出: 123

$url = 'https://example.com/page?userId=123';
parse_str(parse_url($url, PHP_URL_QUERY), $params);
$userId = $params['userId'];
echo $userId;  // 输出: 123