Python密码学-如何在自签名证书中包含“主题密钥标识符”和“授权密钥标识符”的X509扩展？

pip install cryptography

from cryptography import x509
from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import hashes, serialization
from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric import rsa
from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric import padding
from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import serialization
from cryptography.hazmat.backends import default_backend
from datetime import datetime, timedelta

# 生成私钥
private_key = rsa.generate_private_key(
    public_exponent=65537,
    key_size=2048,
    backend=default_backend()
)

# 生成公钥
public_key = private_key.public_key()

# 创建证书主题
subject = x509.Name([
    x509.NameAttribute(x509.NameOID.COMMON_NAME, u"example.com"),
])

# 创建自签名证书
cert = x509.CertificateBuilder().subject_name(
    subject
).issuer_name(
    subject  # 自签名，所以颁发者和主题相同
).public_key(
    public_key
).serial_number(
    x509.random_serial_number()
).not_valid_before(
    datetime.utcnow()
).not_valid_after(
    datetime.utcnow() + timedelta(days=365)
).add_extension(
    x509.SubjectKeyIdentifier.from_public_key(public_key),
    critical=False,
).add_extension(
    x509.AuthorityKeyIdentifier.from_issuer_subject_key_identifier(
        x509.SubjectKeyIdentifier.from_public_key(public_key)
    ),
    critical=False,
).sign(private_key, hashes.SHA256(), default_backend())

# 序列化私钥和证书
private_pem = private_key.private_bytes(
    encoding=serialization.Encoding.PEM,
    format=serialization.PrivateFormat.TraditionalOpenSSL,
    encryption_algorithm=serialization.NoEncryption()
)

cert_pem = cert.public_bytes(
    encoding=serialization.Encoding.PEM
)

print("Private Key:")
print(private_pem.decode())
print("Certificate:")
print(cert_pem.decode())