kotlinx序列化-多态子级反序列化的最佳方法

import kotlinx.serialization.*
import kotlinx.serialization.json.*

// 定义基类
@Serializable
open class Animal(val name: String)

// 定义子类
@Serializable
class Dog(name: String, val breed: String) : Animal(name)

@Serializable
class Cat(name: String, val color: String) : Animal(name)

fun main() {
    val jsonString = """
        {
            "name": "Tom",
            "type": "Cat",
            "color": "white"
        }
    """

    // 创建PolymorphicSerializer实例，传递基类类型和已知子类类型的映射关系
    val format = Json { serializersModule = SerializersModule {
        polymorphic(Animal::class) {
            subclass(Dog::class)
            subclass(Cat::class)
        }
    }}

    // 反序列化
    val animal = format.decodeFromString<Animal>(jsonString)
    
    // 打印结果
    when(animal) {
        is Dog -> println("Dog: ${animal.name}, Breed: ${animal.breed}")
        is Cat -> println("Cat: ${animal.name}, Color: ${animal.color}")
        else -> println("Unknown animal")
    }
}