Spring Boot+cucumber

顾翔

发布于 2024-09-10 14:07:13

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发布于 2024-09-10 14:07:13

文章被收录于专栏：啄木鸟软件测试

简单案例

首先来看一个简单的案例

1 使用start.spring.io创建一个“web”项目。在“依赖项”对话框中搜索并添加“web”依赖项，如屏幕截图所示。点击“生成”按钮，下载zip，并将其解压缩到计算机上的文件夹中。

2 修改pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0"
encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.3.1.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>com.example</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<java.version>11</java.version>
<cucumber.version>6.8.1</cucumber.version>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
<artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId>
<version>${cucumber.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
<artifactId>cucumber-spring</artifactId>
<version>${cucumber.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
<artifactId>cucumber-junit-platform-engine</artifactId>
<version>${cucumber.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>

目录结构如下图

Hello.feature

Feature: Hello world
           
  Scenario: Calling a rest end point
* the application says hello

HelloController.java

package com.example.BDDSpring;
           
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
    @RestController
    public static class HelloController {
        @RequestMapping("/")
        public String local() {
            return "Greetings from Local!";
        }
    }
}

HelloController.java

package com.example.BDDSpring;
           
import io.cucumber.java.en.Given;
import io.cucumber.junit.platform.engine.Cucumber;    
import io.cucumber.spring.CucumberContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.AutoConfigureMockMvc;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
           
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.equalTo;
import static org.springframework.http.MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.get;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.content;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;
           
@Cucumber
@CucumberContextConfiguration    
@SpringBootTest
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
public class CucumberTest {
    @Autowired
    private MockMvc mvc;
    @Given("the application says hello")
    public void getLocalHello() throws Exception {
           mvc.perform(get("/").accept(APPLICATION_JSON))
                .andExpect(status().isOk())
                .andExpect(content().string(equalTo("Greetings from Local!")));
    }
}

用JUnit运行HelloController.java，测试成功

二一个正式的案例

1 使用start.spring.io创建一个“web”项目。在“依赖项”对话框中搜索并添加“web”依赖项，为了后面的契约文件，再加入“Config Client ”和“Contract Stub Runner依赖项。如屏幕截图所示。点击“生成”按钮，下载zip，并将其解压缩到计算机上的文件夹中。

2 pom.xml

<project
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.3.1.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>com.example</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<java.version>11</java.version>
<cucumber.version>6.8.1</cucumber.version>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
<artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId>
<version>${cucumber.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
<artifactId>cucumber-spring</artifactId>
<version>${cucumber.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
<artifactId>cucumber-junit-platform-engine</artifactId>
<version>${cucumber.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>

3 目录结构如下

4 ATMService.feature

# language: zh-CN
功能:验证密码
作为银行储户
我想要在 ATM 上验证密码
以便我可以安全地进行操作
场景:查询余额
假如储户拥有一张卡号为"1111222233"的借记卡    
并且密码为"123456"
并且储户借记卡账户余额为"100.00"元
当储户将卡插入ATM
并且储户选择查询余额
那么提示储户输入密码
并且输入密码"123456"
那么储户可以看到自己的余额"100.00"元
           
场景:查询余额密码验证不通过
假如储户拥有一张卡号为"1111222233"的借记卡
并且密码为"123456"
并且储户借记卡账户余额为"100.00"元
当储户将卡插入ATM
并且储户选择查询余额
那么提示储户输入密码
并且输入密码"456987"
那么储户可以看到密码错误的提示

5 先来看看测试文件

MyDemoApplicationTests.java

package com.example.ATMService;
           
import io.cucumber.junit.platform.engine.Cucumber;    
import io.cucumber.spring.CucumberContextConfiguration;
           
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
           
@Cucumber
@CucumberContextConfiguration
@SpringBootTest
class MyDemoApplicationTests {
       @Test
       void contextLoads() {
       }
}

VerifyPINStepDefinitions.java

package com.example.ATMService;
           
import com.example.ATMService.domain.model.Account;
import com.example.ATMService.domain.model.DebitCard;
import com.example.ATMService.performer.ATM;
import com.example.ATMService.performer.Customer;
import io.cucumber.java.zh_cn.假如;
import io.cucumber.java.zh_cn.当;    
import io.cucumber.java.zh_cn.那么;
import io.cucumber.junit.platform.engine.Cucumber;
           
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
           
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
           
@Cucumber
@SpringBootTest
public class VerifyPINStepDefinitions {
       private final Customer customer = new Customer();
       private final ATM atm = new ATM();
       @假如("储户拥有一张卡号为\"{int}\"的借记卡")
       public void 储户拥有一张卡号为_的借记卡(Integer cardIdInteger){
              Long cardId = cardIdInteger.longValue();
              this.customer.haveCard(new DebitCard(cardId));
       }
       
       @假如("密码为\"{int}\"")
       public void 密码为(Integer PIN){
              this.customer.setDebitCardPIN(PIN);
       }    
       
       @假如("储户借记卡账户余额为\"{double}\"元")
       public void 储户借记卡账户余额为_元(Double balance){
              this.customer.setCardAccount(new Account(balance));
       }
       
       @当("储户将卡插入ATM")
       public void 储户将卡插入atm(){
              this.customer.insertCardToATM(atm);
       }
                     
       @当("储户选择查询余额")
       public void 储户选择查询余额(){
              this.customer.queryBalanceOn(atm);
       }
       
       @那么("提示储户输入密码")
       public void 提示储户输入密码(){
              assertEquals("Please input PIN:", this.atm.getScreenMessage());
       }
       
       @那么("输入密码\"{int}\"")    
       public void 输入密码(Integer pin){
              this.customer.enterPIN(this.atm, pin);
       }
              
       @那么("储户可以看到自己的余额\"{double}\"元")
       public void 储户可以看到自己的余额_元(Double balance){
              assertEquals(String.format("Your balance is: %,f", balance), this.atm.getScreenMessage());
       }
       
       @那么("储户可以看到密码错误的提示")
       public void 储户可以看到密码错误的提示(){
              assertEquals("your PIN is invalid.", this.atm.getScreenMessage());
       }
}

现在再来完成产品文件

com.example.ATMService目录下AtmServiveApplication.java

package com.example.ATMService;
           
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
               
@SpringBootApplication
public class AtmServiveApplication {
           
       public static void main(String[] args) {
              SpringApplication.run(AtmServiveApplication.class, args);
       }
}

com.example.ATMService.domain.model目录下Account.java

package com.example.ATMService.domain.model;
           
public class Account {
       private final Double balance;
       public Account(Double balance) {
              this.balance = balance;
       }
       public double getBalance() {
              return balance;
       }
}

com.example.ATMService.domain.model目录下DebitCard.java

package com.example.ATMService.domain.model;
               
public class DebitCard {
       private Integer PIN= -1;
       private final Long cardId;
       private Account account;
       
       public DebitCard(Long cardId){
              this.cardId = cardId;
       }
       
       public void setPIN(Integer pin){
              this.PIN = pin.intValue();
       }
       
       public void setAccount(Account account) {
              this.account = account;
       }
       
       public double getBalance() {
              return this.account.getBalance();
       }
       
       public boolean verifyPIN(Integer pin) {    
              return this.PIN.intValue()== pin;
       }
           
       public Long getCardID() {
              return this.cardId;
       }
}

com.example.ATMService.domain.service目录下DebitCardService.java

package com.example.ATMService.domain.service;
           
public class DebitCardService {
       public boolean verifyPIN(Long cardID, Integer pin){
              return pin == 123456;
       }
}

com.example.ATMService.performer目录下ATM.java

package com.example.ATMService.performer;
           
import com.example.ATMService.domain.model.DebitCard;
import com.example.ATMService.domain.service.DebitCardService;
           
public class ATM {    
       private DebitCard card;
       private String screenMessage;
       private boolean verifiedPIN = false;
       private DebitCardService debitCardService = new DebitCardService();
       public void insertCard(DebitCard debitCard) {
              this.card = debitCard;
       }
       
       public void queryBalance() {
              if(this.verifiedPIN){
                     this.screenMessage = String.format("Your balance is: %f", this.card.getBalance());
              }else {
                     this.screenMessage = String.format("Please input PIN:");
              }
       }
       
       public String getScreenMessage() {
              return this.screenMessage;
       }
       
       public void enterPlN(Integer pin) {    
              this.verifiedPIN = this.debitCardService.verifyPIN(this.card.getCardID(), pin);
              if (!this.verifiedPIN) {
                     this.screenMessage ="your PIN is invalid.";
              }else {
                     this.queryBalance();
              }
       }
}

com.example.ATMService.performer目录下Customer.java

package com.example.ATMService.performer;
           
import com.example.ATMService.domain.model.Account;
import com.example.ATMService.domain.model.DebitCard;
           
public class Customer {
       private DebitCard debitCard;
       public void haveCard(DebitCard debitCard) {
              this.debitCard = debitCard;
       }
       public void setDebitCardPIN(Integer pin){
              this.debitCard.setPIN(pin);    
       }
       public void setCardAccount(Account account) {
              this.debitCard.setAccount(account);
       }
       
       public void insertCardToATM(ATM atm){
              atm.insertCard(this.debitCard);
       }
              
       public void queryBalanceOn(ATM atm) {
              atm.queryBalance();
       }
              
       public void enterPIN(ATM atm, Integer pin) {
              atm.enterPlN(pin);
       }
}

6用JUnit运行VerifyPINStepDefinitions.Java