linux修改php.ini路径

基础概念

php.ini 是 PHP 的配置文件，用于设置 PHP 运行时的各种参数。它包含了诸如内存限制、上传文件大小、错误报告级别等配置项。

修改 `php.ini` 路径的原因

通常情况下，PHP 会自动加载默认路径下的 php.ini 文件。但在某些情况下，可能需要修改 php.ini 的路径，例如：

自定义配置：用户可能有特定的配置需求，需要使用自定义的 php.ini 文件。
多版本管理：在同一台服务器上运行多个 PHP 版本时，可能需要为每个版本指定不同的 php.ini 文件。
环境隔离：在不同的应用环境中使用不同的配置文件。

修改 `php.ini` 路径的方法

1. 修改 `php` 命令行参数

可以通过在命令行中使用 -c 参数来指定 php.ini 文件的路径。例如：

php -c /path/to/custom/php.ini script.php

2. 修改 Web 服务器配置

如果 PHP 是通过 Web 服务器（如 Apache 或 Nginx）运行的，可以在服务器配置文件中指定 php.ini 的路径。

Apache

在 .htaccess 文件或主配置文件中添加以下内容：

<FilesMatch \.php$>
    SetHandler application/x-httpd-php
    PHPIniDir /path/to/custom/php.ini
</FilesMatch>

Nginx

在 nginx.conf 文件中添加以下内容：

location ~ \.php$ {
    fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
    fastcgi_param PHP_INI_SCAN_DIR /path/to/custom/php.ini;
}

3. 修改 PHP-FPM 配置

如果使用 PHP-FPM，可以在 php-fpm.conf 或池配置文件中指定 php.ini 的路径。

在 php-fpm.conf 中添加或修改以下内容：

php_admin_value[error_log] = /var/log/php-fpm/www-error.log
php_admin_flag[log_errors] = on
php_admin_value[doc_root] = /var/www/html
php_admin_value[listen.allowed_clients] = 127.0.0.1
php_admin_value[listen.owner] = www-data
php_admin_value[listen.group] = www-data
php_admin_value[listen.mode] = 0660
php_admin_value[pm.max_children] = 50
php_admin_value[pm.start_servers] = 5
php_admin_value[pm.min_spare_servers] = 5
php_admin_value[pm.max_spare_servers] = 35
php_admin_value[pm.max_requests] = 500
php_admin_value[pm.process_idle_timeout] = 10s
php_admin_value[pm.status_path] = /status
php_admin_flag[pm.status_enabled] = on
php_admin_value[date.timezone] = Asia/Shanghai
php_admin_value[open_basedir] = /var/www/html/:/tmp/
php_admin_value[upload_tmp_dir] = /var/www/html/tmp/
php_admin_value[session.save_path] = /var/www/html/tmp/
php_admin_value[soap.wsdl_cache_dir] = /var/www/html/tmp/
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache] = /var/www/html/tmp/
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache_only] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_update_protection] = 2
php_admin_value[opcache.revalidate_freq] = 60
php_admin_value[opcache.validate_timestamps] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.max_accelerated_files] = 10000
php_admin_value[opcache.memory_consumption] = 128
php_admin_value[opcache.interned_strings_buffer] = 8
php_admin_value[opcache.fast_shutdown] = 1
php_admin_value[disable_functions] = exec,passthru,shell_exec,system,proc_open,popen,curl_exec,curl_multi_exec,parse_ini_file,show_source
php_admin_value[disable_classes] = PDO,Reflection,ReflectionExtension
php_admin_value[error_reporting] = E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE & ~E_DEPRECATED
php_admin_value[display_errors] = Off
php_admin_value[log_errors] = On
php_admin_value[error_log] = /var/log/php-fpm/error.log
php_admin_value[expose_php] = Off
php_admin_value[short_open_tag] = On
php_admin_value[asp_tags] = Off
php_admin_value[output_buffering] = 4096
php_admin_value[implicit_flush] = Off
php_admin_value[unserialize_callback_func] = mycallbackfunc
php_admin_value[max_input_time] = 60
php_admin_value[max_execution_time] = 30
php_admin_value[memory_limit] = 128M
php_admin_value[upload_max_filesize] = 2M
php_admin_value[post_max_size] = 8M
php_admin_value[date.timezone] = Asia/Shanghai
php_admin_value[session.gc_probability] = 1
php_admin_value[session.gc_divisor] = 1000
php_admin_value[session.gc_maxlifetime] = 1440
php_admin_value[session.cookie_lifetime] = 0
php_admin_value[session.cookie_path] = /
php_admin_value[session.cookie_domain] = 
php_admin_value[session.cookie_secure] = Off
php_admin_value[session.cookie_httponly] = Off
php_admin_value[session.use_cookies] = On
php_admin_value[session.use_only_cookies] = On
php_admin_value[session.name] = PHPSESSID
php_admin_value[session.auto_start] = Off
php_admin_value[session.serialize_handler] = php
php_admin_value[session.gc_probability] = 1
php_admin_value[session.gc_divisor] = 1000
php_admin_value[session.gc_maxlifetime] = 1440
php_admin_value[session.referer_check] = 
php_admin_value[session.use_trans_sid] = Off
php_admin_value[session.upload_progress.enabled] = On
php_admin_value[session.upload_progress.cleanup] = On
php_admin_value[session.upload_progress.prefix] = upload_progress_
php_admin_value[session.upload_progress.name] = PHP_SESSION_UPLOAD_PROGRESS
php_admin_value[session.upload_progress.freq] = 1%
php_admin_value[session.upload_progress.min_freq] = 1
php_admin_value[soap.wsdl_cache_enabled] = 1
php_admin_value[soap.wsdl_cache_ttl] = 86400
php_admin_value[opcache.enable] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.enable_cli] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.use_cwd] = On
php_admin_value[opcache.validate_timestamps] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.revalidate_freq] = 60
php_admin_value[opcache.max_accelerated_files] = 10000
php_admin_value[opcache.memory_consumption] = 128
php_admin_value[opcache.interned_strings_buffer] = 8
php_admin_value[opcache.fast_shutdown] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache] = /var/www/html/tmp/
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache_only] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_update_protection] = 2
php_admin_value[opcache.revalidate_freq] = 60
php_admin_value[opcache.validate_timestamps] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.max_accelerated_files] = 10000
php_admin_value[opcache.memory_consumption] = 128
php_admin_value[opcache.interned_strings_buffer] = 8
php_admin_value[opcache.fast_shutdown] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache] = /var/www/html/tmp/
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache_only] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_update_protection] = 2
php_admin_value[opcache.revalidate_freq] = 60
php_admin_value[opcache.validate_timestamps] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.max_accelerated_files] = 10000
php_admin_value[opcache.memory_consumption] = 128
php_admin_value[opcache.interned_strings_buffer] = 8
php_admin_value[opcache.fast_shutdown] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache] = /var/www/html/tmp/
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache_only] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_update_protection] = 2
php_admin_value[opcache.revalidate_freq] = 60
php_admin_value[opcache.validate_timestamps] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.max_accelerated_files] = 10000
php_admin_value[opcache.memory_consumption] = 128
php_admin_value[opcache.interned_strings_buffer] = 8
php_admin_value[opcache.fast_shutdown] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache] = /var/www/html/tmp/
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache_only] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_update_protection] = 2
php_admin_value[opcache.revalidate_freq] = 60
php_admin_value[opcache.validate_timestamps] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.max_accelerated_files] = 10000
php_admin_value[opcache.memory_consumption] = 128
php_admin_value[opcache.interned_strings_buffer] = 8
php_admin_value[opcache.fast_shutdown] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache] = /var/www/html/tmp/
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache_only] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_update_protection] = 2
php_admin_value[opcache.revalidate_freq] = 60
php_admin_value[opcache.validate_timestamps] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.max_accelerated_files] = 10000
php_admin_value[opcache.memory_consumption] = 128
php_admin_value[opcache.interned_strings_buffer] = 8
php_admin_value[opcache.fast_shutdown] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache] = /var/www/html/tmp/
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache_only] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_update_protection] = 2
php_admin_value[opcache.revalidate_freq] = 60
php_admin_value[opcache.validate_timestamps] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.max_accelerated_files] = 10000
php_admin_value[opcache.memory_consumption] = 128
php_admin_value[opcache.interned_strings_buffer] = 8
php_admin_value[opcache.fast_shutdown] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache] = /var/www/html/tmp/
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache_only] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_update_protection] = 2
php_admin_value[opcache.revalidate_freq] = 60
php_admin_value[opcache.validate_timestamps] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.max_accelerated_files] = 10000
php_admin_value[opcache.memory_consumption] = 128
php_admin_value[opcache.interned_strings_buffer] = 8
php_admin_value[opcache.fast_shutdown] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache] = /var/www/html/tmp/
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache_only] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_update_protection] = 2
php_admin_value[opcache.revalidate_freq] = 60
php_admin_value[opcache.validate_timestamps] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.max_accelerated_files] = 10000
php_admin_value[opcache.memory_consumption] = 128
php_admin_value[opcache.interned_strings_buffer] = 8
php_admin_value[opcache.fast_shutdown] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache] = /var/www/html/tmp/
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache_only] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_update_protection] = 2
php_admin_value[opcache.revalidate_freq] = 60
php_admin_value[opcache.validate_timestamps] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.max_accelerated_files] = 10000
php_admin_value[opcache.memory_consumption] = 128
php_admin_value[opcache.interned_strings_buffer] = 8
php_admin_value[opcache.fast_shutdown] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache] = /var/www/html/tmp/
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache_only] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_update_protection] = 2
php_admin_value[opcache.revalidate_freq] = 60
php_admin_value[opcache.validate_timestamps] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.max_accelerated_files] = 10000
php_admin_value[opcache.memory_consumption] = 128
php_admin_value[opcache.interned_strings_buffer] = 8
php_admin_value[opcache.fast_shutdown] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache] = /var/www/html/tmp/
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache_only] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_update_protection] = 2
php_admin_value[opcache.revalidate_freq] = 60
php_admin_value[opcache.validate_timestamps] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.max_accelerated_files] = 10000
php_admin_value[opcache.memory_consumption] = 128
php_admin_value[opcache.interned_strings_buffer] = 8
php_admin_value[opcache.fast_shutdown] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache] = /var/www/html/tmp/
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache_only] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_update_protection] = 2
php_admin_value[opcache.revalidate_freq] = 60
php_admin_value[opcache.validate_timestamps] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.max_accelerated_files] = 10000
php_admin_value[opcache.memory_consumption] = 128
php_admin_value[opcache.interned_strings_buffer] = 8
php_admin_value[opcache.fast_shutdown] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache] = /var/www/html/tmp/
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache_only] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_update_protection] = 2
php_admin_value[opcache.revalidate_freq] = 60
php_admin_value[opcache.validate_timestamps] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.max_accelerated_files] = 10000
php_admin_value[opcache.memory_consumption] = 128
php_admin_value[opcache.interned_strings_buffer] = 8
php_admin_value[opcache.fast_shutdown] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache] = /var/www/html/tmp/
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache_only] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_update_protection] = 2
php_admin_value[opcache.revalidate_freq] = 60
php_admin_value[opcache.validate_timestamps] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.max_accelerated_files] = 10000
php_admin_value[opcache.memory_consumption] = 128
php_admin_value[opcache.interned_strings_buffer] = 8
php_admin_value[opcache.fast_shutdown] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache] = /var/www/html/tmp/
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache_only] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_update_protection] = 2
php_admin_value[opcache.revalidate_freq] = 60
php_admin_value[opcache.validate_timestamps] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.max_accelerated_files] = 10000
php_admin_value[opcache.memory_consumption] = 128
php_admin_value[opcache.interned_strings_buffer] = 8
php_admin_value[opcache.fast_shutdown] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache] = /var/www/html/tmp/
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache_only] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_update_protection] = 2
php_admin_value[opcache.revalidate_freq] = 60
php_admin_value[opcache.validate_timestamps] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.max_accelerated_files] = 10000
php_admin_value[opcache.memory_consumption] = 128
php_admin_value[opcache.interned_strings_buffer] = 8
php_admin_value[opcache.fast_shutdown] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache] = /var/www/html/tmp/
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache_only] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_update_protection] = 2
php_admin_value[opcache.revalidate_freq] = 60
php_admin_value[opcache.validate_timestamps] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.max_accelerated_files] = 10000
php_admin_value[opcache.memory_consumption] = 128
php_admin_value[opcache.interned_strings_buffer] = 8
php_admin_value[opcache.fast_shutdown] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache] = /var/www/html/tmp/
php_admin_value[opcache.file_cache_only] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.file_update_protection] = 2
php_admin_value[opcache.revalidate_freq] = 60
php_admin_value[opcache.validate_timestamps] = 1
php_admin_value[opcache.max_accelerated_files] = 10000
php_admin_value[opcache.memory_consumption] = 128
php_admin_value[opcache.interned_strings_buffer] = 8
php_admin_value[opcache.fast_shutdown]