【中國脈搏】長江六大水電站 世界最大清潔能源走廊 World's Largest Clean Energy Corridor

● 圖為三峽大壩，是世界上規模最大的水電站，是中國有史以來建造的最大的水壩。 作者供圖

●圖為三峽大壩正開啟閘門洩洪。 資料圖片

「當今世界幾乎所有的能源故事都是中國故事。」這個說法，來自國際能源署署長法提赫·比羅爾。

“We are now in a world where almost every energy story is essentially a China story.” This statement comes from Fatih Birol, the Executive Director of the International Energy Agency (IEA).

從曾經的碳排放大國，到現在的世界「清潔能源冠軍」，中國是怎樣做到的？有一個工程不得不提，那就是世界最大的清潔能源走廊。

How did China transform from a carbon emitter to “champion of clean energy”? One project that must be mentioned is the world's largest clean energy corridor.

落成至今累計減碳28億噸

Cumulative Carbon Reduction of 2.8 Billion Tonnes

這條「走廊」跨越1,800公里，水位落差超過900米，由位於長江幹流上的6座大型水電站組成，自上游而下依次為：烏東德、白鶴灘、溪洛渡、向家壩、三峽和葛洲壩。

The corridor stretches over 1,800 kilometres, with a water level difference of over 900 metres, consisting of six mega hydropower stations along China's Yangtze River, namely Wudongde, Baihetan, Xiluodu, Xiangjiaba, Three Gorges and Gezhouba power stations.

6座水電站總計安裝110台水電機組，1滴長江水可以發6次電，平均每年可生產清潔電能約3,00億千瓦時，滿足超過3億人一年的生活用電需求。

A total of 110 hydroelectric generators are operational in the corridor. One drop of Yangtze River water can generate electricity six times, producing about 300 billion kilowatt-hours (kWh) of clean electricity each year. It can meet the annual electricity needs of more than 300 million people.

截至2024年，「走廊」累計發電量突破3.5萬億千瓦時，相當於節約標準煤超過10億噸，減少排放二氧化碳超過28億噸。

By 2024, the cumulative electricity generation of the corridor exceeded 3.5 trillion kWh, which is equivalent to saving more than 1 billion tonnes of standard coal and reducing carbon dioxide by more than 2.8 billion tonnes.

這條水電「走廊」的建成，跨越了50多年的時光。1970年，被稱為「長江第一壩」的葛洲壩水利樞紐正式開工。

The construction of the corridor spanned more than 50 years. In 1970, the Gezhouba Water Conservancy Project, known as the first large-scale water control project on the Yangtze River, started construction.

2009年，歷時15年建設的三峽工程全部竣工。

In 2009, the Three Gorges Dam Project, which took 15 years to build, was completed.

2015年至2022年，向家壩、溪洛渡、烏東德、白鶴灘這4座水電站相繼完工投產。

Between 2015 and 2022, four hydropower stations, namely Xiangjiaba, Xiluodu, Wudongde and Baihetan, were completed and put into operation.

2024年，6座水電站都配置了工業互聯網平台，相當於擁有了「工業大腦」，提升水電站運營效率和安全性。

In 2024, all the six hydropower stations have been connected to an industrial internet platform, which is considered as an “industrial brain” of the corridor. This is expected to enhance the efficiency and safety of hydropower station operations.

由此可見，中國水電的發展速度，在近10年裏可謂一日千里，這也是中國清潔能源發展的縮影。

It can be seen that China's hydropower has been developing at a rapid pace in the past 10 years, which is also a microcosm of China's clean energy development.

●作者：郭立新

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