如何在Spring中使用对外部API的调用测试服务

<dependencies>
    <!-- Spring Web -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!-- JUnit -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

@SpringBootTest
public class ExternalApiServiceTest {

    @Autowired
    private ExternalApiService externalApiService;

    @Test
    public void testExternalApi() {
        // 调用外部API的方法进行测试
        // ...
    }
}

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

@SpringBootTest
public class ExternalApiServiceTest {

    @Autowired
    private ExternalApiService externalApiService;

    @Test
    public void testExternalApi() {
        // 调用外部API的方法进行测试
        String result = externalApiService.callExternalApi();

        // 使用断言验证结果
        Assertions.assertNotNull(result);
        Assertions.assertEquals("expectedValue", result);
    }
}

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Service
public class ExternalApiService {

    public String callExternalApi() {
        // 使用RestTemplate调用外部API
        RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
        String apiUrl = "http://api.example.com/endpoint";
        String result = restTemplate.getForObject(apiUrl, String.class);

        return result;
    }
}