HIV相关癌症和疾病
HIV-Associated Cancers and Related Diseases
例句
The burden of AIDS-defining cancers has remained relatively steady for the past two decades, but the burden of non–AIDS-defining cancers has increased and accounts for an increasing proportion of cancer-related morbidity and mortality in this population.
词汇
burden:负荷
AIDS-defining cancer:艾滋病界定癌症
句型
本句中的AIDS-defining cancer指的是,当HIV感染者发生某些癌症时,通常说明其疾病已经进展到艾滋病,因此这些癌症称为“艾滋病界定癌症”。这些癌症包括侵袭性宫颈癌、卡波西肉瘤和侵袭性B细胞淋巴瘤。最后一句是指在该人群的癌症相关发病率和死亡率中,有一部分是由艾滋病界定癌症导致,另外一部分是由非艾滋病界定癌症导致,而非艾滋病界定癌症所占的比例在不断上升。
翻译
艾滋病界定癌症的负荷在过去20年保持相对稳定,然而非艾滋病界定癌症的负荷增加;在该人群的癌症相关发病率和死亡率中,非艾滋病界定癌症所占的比例在增加。
在医疗领域实施机器学习——解决伦理学挑战
Implementing Machine Learning in Health Care — Addressing Ethical Challenges
例句
The idea of confidentiality, once a cornerstone of Hippocratic ethics, was long ago described as “decrepit.” In the era of electronic medical records, the traditional understanding of confidentiality requires that a physician withhold information from the medical record in order to truly keep it confidential. Once machinelearning–based decision support is integrated into clinical care, withholding information from electronic records will become increasingly difficult, since patients whose data aren’t recorded can’t benefit from machine-learning analyses.
词汇
confidentiality:保密
cornerstone:基石
Hippocratic:希波克拉底
decrepit:衰老,陈旧
withhold…from…:隐瞒
句型
本句介绍了传统的保密观念在电子病历时代面临的挑战。withhold…from…的意思是“隐瞒”,例如withhold the truth from the polieman的意思是“向警察隐瞒真相”。本句指出,在这个电子病历的时代,根据传统观点,为了患者信息的真正保密,医生根本就不应该将信息输入电子病历。但患者要从机器学习中获益,其数据就必须输入电子系统。
翻译
曾经作为希波克拉底伦理学基石的保密观念,在很久以前就被形容为“过时”。在电子病历时代,根据传统的保密意识,医生须自行保存信息,而不输入病历,以便真正保密。一旦将基于机器学习的决策支持集成到临床医疗中,意图将信息不输入电子记录会变得越来越困难,因为没有记录数据的患者无法从机器学习分析中获益。
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