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SpringMVC执行流程和源码分析

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发布于 2022-08-01 13:17:15

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代码可运行

文章被收录于专栏：从入门到出门从入门到出门

运行总次数：0

代码可运行

SpringMVC执行流程:

用户点击某个请求路径，发起一个 HTTP request 请求，该请求会被提交到 DispatcherServlet（前端控制器）；
由 DispatcherServlet 请求一个或多个 HandlerMapping（处理器映射器），并返回一个执行链（HandlerExecutionChain）。
DispatcherServlet 将执行链返回的 Handler 信息发送给 HandlerAdapter（处理器适配器）；
HandlerAdapter 根据 Handler 信息找到并执行相应的 Handler（常称为 Controller）；
Handler 执行完毕后会返回给 HandlerAdapter 一个 ModelAndView 对象（Spring MVC的底层对象，包括 Model 数据模型和 View 视图信息）；
HandlerAdapter 接收到 ModelAndView 对象后，将其返回给 DispatcherServlet ；
DispatcherServlet 接收到 ModelAndView 对象后，会请求 ViewResolver（视图解析器）对视图进行解析；
ViewResolver 根据 View 信息匹配到相应的视图结果，并返回给 DispatcherServlet；
DispatcherServlet 接收到具体的 View 视图后，进行视图渲染，将 Model 中的模型数据填充到 View 视图中的 request 域，生成最终的 View（视图）；
视图负责将结果显示到浏览器（客户端）。

代码追踪

请求到达前端控制器的第一站，先做些准备工作

/**
 * Exposes the DispatcherServlet-specific request attributes and delegates to {@link #doDispatch}
 * for the actual dispatching.
 */
@Override
protected void doService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
   if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
      String requestUri = urlPathHelper.getRequestUri(request);
      logger.debug("DispatcherServlet with name '" + getServletName() + "' processing " + request.getMethod() +
            " request for [" + requestUri + "]");
   }

    //保护现场
   // Keep a snapshot of the request attributes in case of an include,
   // to be able to restore the original attributes after the include.
   Map<String, Object> attributesSnapshot = null;
   if (WebUtils.isIncludeRequest(request)) {
      logger.debug("Taking snapshot of request attributes before include");
      attributesSnapshot = new HashMap<String, Object>();
      Enumeration<?> attrNames = request.getAttributeNames();
      while (attrNames.hasMoreElements()) {
         String attrName = (String) attrNames.nextElement();
         if (this.cleanupAfterInclude || attrName.startsWith("org.springframework.web.servlet")) {
            attributesSnapshot.put(attrName, request.getAttribute(attrName));
         }
      }
   }

    //将框架相关信息存储至request，方便后面的处理器和视图用到
   // Make framework objects available to handlers and view objects.
   request.setAttribute(WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, getWebApplicationContext());
   request.setAttribute(LOCALE_RESOLVER_ATTRIBUTE, this.localeResolver);
   request.setAttribute(THEME_RESOLVER_ATTRIBUTE, this.themeResolver);
   request.setAttribute(THEME_SOURCE_ATTRIBUTE, getThemeSource());

   FlashMap inputFlashMap = this.flashMapManager.retrieveAndUpdate(request, response);
   if (inputFlashMap != null) {
      request.setAttribute(INPUT_FLASH_MAP_ATTRIBUTE, Collections.unmodifiableMap(inputFlashMap));
   }
   request.setAttribute(OUTPUT_FLASH_MAP_ATTRIBUTE, new FlashMap());
   request.setAttribute(FLASH_MAP_MANAGER_ATTRIBUTE, this.flashMapManager);

    //请求分发
   try {
      //步骤1
      doDispatch(request, response);
   }
   finally {
      // Restore the original attribute snapshot, in case of an include.
      if (attributesSnapshot != null) {
         restoreAttributesAfterInclude(request, attributesSnapshot);
      }
   }
}

开始处理请求

protected void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        HttpServletRequest processedRequest = request;
        HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler = null;
        boolean multipartRequestParsed = false;
        WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request);

        try {
            try {
                ModelAndView mv = null;
                Object dispatchException = null;

                try {
                    processedRequest = this.checkMultipart(request);
                    multipartRequestParsed = processedRequest != request;
		    //步骤2-3
                    mappedHandler = this.getHandler(processedRequest);
                    if (mappedHandler == null) {
                        this.noHandlerFound(processedRequest, response);
                        return;
                    }
		    //步骤4
                    HandlerAdapter ha = this.getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());
                    String method = request.getMethod();
                    boolean isGet = HttpMethod.GET.matches(method);
                    if (isGet || HttpMethod.HEAD.matches(method)) {
                        long lastModified = ha.getLastModified(request, mappedHandler.getHandler());
                        if ((new ServletWebRequest(request, response)).checkNotModified(lastModified) && isGet) {
                            return;
                        }
                    }

                    if (!mappedHandler.applyPreHandle(processedRequest, response)) {
                        return;
                    }
		    //步骤5-9
                    mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());
                    if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
                        return;
                    }

                    this.applyDefaultViewName(processedRequest, mv);
                    mappedHandler.applyPostHandle(processedRequest, response, mv);
                } catch (Exception var20) {
                    dispatchException = var20;
                } catch (Throwable var21) {
                    dispatchException = new NestedServletException("Handler dispatch failed", var21);
                }
		//步骤10
                this.processDispatchResult(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, mv, (Exception)dispatchException);
            } catch (Exception var22) {
                this.triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, var22);
            } catch (Throwable var23) {
                this.triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, new NestedServletException("Handler processing failed", var23));
            }

        } finally {
            if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
                if (mappedHandler != null) {
                    mappedHandler.applyAfterConcurrentHandlingStarted(processedRequest, response);
                }
            } else if (multipartRequestParsed) {
                this.cleanupMultipart(processedRequest);
            }

        }
    }