【Python入门第六讲】贴近生活数据类型 | 数字

integer_number = 42

binary_number = 0b1010  # 二进制表示，结果为10
octal_number = 0o52  # 八进制表示，结果为42
hexadecimal_number = 0x2a  # 十六进制表示，结果为42

constructed_integer = int(3.14)  # 将浮点数转换为整数，结果为3

calculation_result = 5 + 7  # 结果为12，这里产生了一个整数对象

float_number = 3.14

constructed_float = float(42)  # 将整数转换为浮点数，结果为42.0

calculation_result = 5.0 / 2  # 结果为2.5，这里产生了一个浮点数对象

scientific_notation = 6.022e23  # 表示为6.022乘以10的23次方

complex_number = 2 + 3j

constructed_complex = complex(1, -2)  # 结果为1-2j

calculation_result = 1 + 2j  # 产生一个复数对象

True + True  # 结果为 2
False + False  # 结果为 0
True - False  # 结果为 1

a = 5
b = 2

result_addition = a + b  # 7
result_subtraction = a - b  # 3
result_multiplication = a * b  # 10
result_division = a / b  # 2.5
result_floor_division = a // b  # 2
result_remainder = a % b  # 1
result_exponentiation = a ** b  # 25

x = 5
y = 3

result_equal = x == y  # False
result_not_equal = x != y  # True
result_less_than = x < y  # False
result_greater_than = x > y  # True
result_less_equal = x <= y  # False
result_greater_equal = x >= y  # True

a = 5
b = 2

a += b  # 相当于 a = a + b，结果为7
a -= b  # 相当于 a = a - b，结果为5
a *= b  # 相当于 a = a * b，结果为10
a /= b  # 相当于 a = a / b，结果为5.0
a //= b  # 相当于 a = a // b，结果为2.0
a %= b  # 相当于 a = a % b，结果为0.0
a **= b  # 相当于 a = a ** b，结果为1.0

float_number = 3.14
integer_from_float = int(float_number)  # 结果为 3

string_number = "123"
integer_from_string = int(string_number)  # 结果为 123

binary_string = "1010"
integer_from_binary = int(binary_string, 2)  # 结果为 10

integer_number = 42
float_from_integer = float(integer_number)  # 结果为 42.0

string_number = "3.14"
float_from_string = float(string_number)  # 结果为 3.14

real_part = 2
imag_part = 3
complex_number = complex(real_part, imag_part)  # 结果为 (2+3j)

max_value = max(5, 8, 2, 10)  # 结果为 10

min_value = min(5, 8, 2, 10)  # 结果为 2

abs_value = abs(-5)  # 结果为 5

fabs_value = fabs(-3.14)  # 结果为 3.14

ceil_value = ceil(4.2)  # 结果为 5

floor_value = floor(4.8)  # 结果为 4

exp_result = exp(2)  # 结果为 7.389...

power_result = pow(2, 3)  # 结果为 8

rounded_value = round(3.14159, 2)  # 结果为 3.14

sqrt_result = sqrt(9)  # 结果为 3.0

fractional, integer = modf(3.14)  # 结果为 fractional = 0.14, integer = 3.0

log_result = log(10)  # 结果为 2.302...

log10_result = log10(100)  # 结果为 2.0

import random

random_float = random.random()
print(random_float)

import random

random_integer = random.randint(1, 10)
print(random_integer)

import random

random_float = random.uniform(1.5, 3.0)
print(random_float)

import random

options = ['rock', 'paper', 'scissors']
random_choice = random.choice(options)
print(random_choice)

import random

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
random.shuffle(numbers)
print(numbers)

import random

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
random_samples = random.sample(numbers, 3)
print(random_samples)

from datetime import datetime

date_string = "2022-01-15"
date_object = datetime.strptime(date_string, "%Y-%m-%d")
print(date_object)

from datetime import datetime

now = datetime.now()
formatted_date = now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
print(formatted_date)

from datetime import datetime

now = datetime.now()
print(now)

from datetime import datetime, timedelta

date1 = datetime(2022, 1, 15)
date2 = datetime(2022, 1, 20)
time_difference = date2 - date1
print(time_difference)

total_seconds = 3665  # 1小时1分钟5秒

hours, remainder = divmod(total_seconds, 3600)  # 3600秒 = 1小时
minutes, seconds = divmod(remainder, 60)  # 60秒 = 1分钟

formatted_time = "{:02}:{:02}:{:02}".format(int(hours), int(minutes), int(seconds))
print(formatted_time)

import random

def guess_number():
    secret_number = random.randint(1, 100)  # 生成1到100之间的随机整数
    attempts = 0

    print("欢迎参加猜数字游戏！")
    print("我已经选择了一个1到100之间的数字，请开始猜测吧。")

    while True:
        user_guess = int(input("你的猜测是："))

        attempts += 1

        if user_guess == secret_number:
            print(f"恭喜你，你猜对了！数字是 {secret_number}。你用了 {attempts} 次尝试。")
            break
        elif user_guess < secret_number:
            print("太小了，请再试一次。")
        else:
            print("太大了，请再试一次。")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    guess_number()

# 向大家问好
print("Hello Python people!")
# Python 解释器将忽略第1行，只执行第2行。
Hello Python people!