问Laravel 5:如何测试调用API的作业？
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Stack Overflow用户

提问于 2018-03-04 23:24:03

回答 1查看 2.3K关注 0票数 5

我一直在自学如何编写测试用例，但我不知道如何测试Job是否调用了API (并断言API已经得到了预期的响应)。

这是我实验的片段..。

Class SampleJob extends Job
{

    public function handle()
    {
        $request->method('post')->setUrl('/blahblah')->setBody($body);
        //For the sake of convenience, let me just state that
        //$request calls an API call.
        //i.e. If it's successful, you'll get
        //HTTP status 200 and a JSON object
    }
 }


Class SampleJobTest extends TestCase
{
    use DispatchesJobs;

    /** @test */
    public function it_calls_api()
    {
        $data = factory(MockData::class)->create();
        $this->dispatch(new SampleJob($data));

        //assert that the API was called

        //assert that there was an HTTP response - status & JSON
    }
}

正如评论中提到的那样，是否可以断言API是用预期的响应调用的？

如有任何建议，将不胜感激。

编辑

分派SampleJob时，将调用API。

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回答 1

Stack Overflow用户

发布于 2018-03-05 04:51:52

测试Json作业有点棘手，因为您必须测试它是否是队列的、调度的，然后您就可以知道是否要接收响应，以及它是否是预期的响应。

为了保持它的简单性和有用性，我将函数划分为3个测试(调度、队列和结果)，这样您就可以测试每个进程，并且可以扩展更多来测试

队列： 队列

哪个队列是作业pushedOn？
多少次？
发送还是阻止？

总线： 总线命令

发送还是阻止？

如果您对同一个页面感兴趣，您可以在队列测试中找到更多的参考在这里，对于命令总线也可以找到相同的。

这是测试类：

<?php

namespace Tests\Unit;

use Tests\TestCase;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Queue; // includes the fake method
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Bus;  // includes the fake method
use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\DispatchesJobs; // for the Queue
use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\Dispatcher; // for the Bus
use App\Jobs\APIjob as Job; // your job goes here


class ExampleTest extends TestCase
{
    use DispatchesJobs;
    /**
     * Setup the test environment. //  to  make the environment as a usual Laravel application which includes the helpers functions.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    protected function setup(){
        parent::setUp();
    }

    /**
     * A basic dispatch example.
     * 
     * @return void
     * @test
     */
    public function it_dispatches(){
        Bus::fake(); // faking the Bus command
        $job = new Job;
        Bus::dispatch($job);
        Bus::assertDispatched(Job::class, 1);
    }

    /**
     * A basic queue example.
     * 
     * @return void
     * @test
     */
    public function it_queues(){
        Queue::fake(); // faking Queue using the facade
        $job = new Job;
        Queue::push($job); // manually pushing the job to the Queue
        $this->dispatch($job);
        Queue::assertPushed(Job::class, 1);
    }

    /**
     * A basic receive example.
     *
     * @return void
     * @test
     */
    public function it_recieves_api(){
        $response =  $this->get('/APIroute'); // change this to match the route which you will receive the Json API from.

        $response->assertStatus(200) //
                 ->assertJsonFragment([ // using Fragment if partial, you can remove the word Fragment for full match
                        [
                        'id' => 1,
                        "name" => "Emely Jones",
                        "email" => "sgleichner@example.com",
                        "created_at" => "2018-03-05 16:36:14",
                        "updated_at" => "2018-03-05 16:36:14",
                        ],
                    ]);
    }
}